Pin and the Pintool control a program starting with the very first instruction. the exception. Then, you could use an extended command to enable instrumentation only during the interesting part of the application. PinCRT exposes three layers of generic APIs which practically eliminate Pin's and the tools' dependency on the host system: Tools are obliged to use (link with) PinCRT instead of any system runtime. Using PIN_SafeCopy() allows the tool to read or write the application's values for these fields. It inspects the code to be generated, investigates its static properties, and decides if and where to inject calls to analysis functions. [Rules] Let the RulesHelper parse line by line [Casts] Change C-style (uint8_t*) casts into reinterpret_cast [Casts] Change C-style casts (int) and (float) into static_casts [Docs] Update README.md about newer build sets [Cleanup] Change some short strings to just a char. If you are using a standard PinTool makefile, you can do this by overriding the definition of OPT on the command line with. When running an application under the control of Pin and a Pintool there are two different programs residing in the address space. [Memory] Move web log entries to IRAM 2nd heap This is useful if the subclass is expecting a callback but it will never happen due to the library change, etc. Look at the browser stack trace to see where the error occurs and which function should have been called. then run the code in the browsers devtools profiler. Type: ADDRINT. [MAX1704x] Add changerate for MAX17048/MAX17049, Added MAX1704x comment line to Custom-sample.h, MS5611 (GY-63) unrealistic values for <20C (, [MAX1704x] Fix crash with device not yet initialised, [Boot Cause] Make boot cause more clear + add %bootcause% for rules, [Linux Build] Add some checks to prevent wiping ALL data on PC, [Linux Build] Cleanup + document build script + add options, [Linux Build] No longer use before_deploy from build_ESPeasy.sh, [ESP32 RTC] Add RTC memory usage like on the ESP8266, [Cache controller] Make Cache controller work on ESP32, [P115] Cleanup code & add 4th variable name, [P115] Constrain threshold value to 132 & copy charge rate value. In another window, start the debugger and enter the command that Pin printed: At this point, the debugger is attached to the application that is running under Pin. If the function call is inlined by the compiler, the analysis routine would be a candidate for inlining by Pin. The disadvantage is obviously that this is a rather low-level hack that respects neither types nor structure. for cross-compilation. reinterpret_cast<> () is used for casting between unrelated types. Moreover, your Pintool can add support for new debugger commands, without making any changes to GDB, LLDB or Visual Studio. Image instrumentation lets the Pintool inspect and instrument an entire image, IMG: Image Object, when it is first loaded. It definitely does not call the allocator-aware constructor of vector
!Everyone but GCC (and GCC too, in non-permissive mode) rejects this attempt to initialize a reference type with the list of expressions select "No". TINFO_MAP::iterator it = ThreadInfos.find(tid); VOID docount2( ADDRINT src, ADDRINT dst, INT32 taken ), VOID docount( COUNTER *pedg, INT32 taken ), stats() : count(0), repeatedCount(0), zeroLength(0) {}, VOID add(UINT32 firstRep, UINT32 repCount), out << std::hex << std::setw(width) << computeEA(baseEA, eflags, count, size) <<. Since instrumentation and analysis happen on different phases in the application flow, it is necessary to check the current AMX state in the analysis routine before analyzing the rest of the data in order to know whether this data is valid or not. If a debugger is. C++ static _ cas t dynamic _ cas t const _ cas tre interp ret_ cas t. [P095] Re-order settings, minor improvements And as an addendum to all answers, FYI: override is not a keyword, but a special kind of identifier! In this case we can let Pin make the decission where to insert. WebI'm trying to allow my program to round a number up and down respectively. [Cleanup] Renamed other enums related to PLUGIN_TASKTIMER_IN In this example, we show how to pass arguments. [Build CDN] CDN URL prefix matches checkout tag or latest tag Whether this leads to breaking the strict aliasing rules and undefined behavior is left to the programmer. Pin uses GDB's remote debugger features, so it should work with any version of GDB/LLDB that supports that feature (Yes, LLDB support GDB's remote debugger features). Why should it be? Routine instrumentation is provided as a convenience for Pintool writers, as an alternative to walking the sections and routines of the image during the Image instrumentation, as described in the previous paragraph. OutFile = KnobOutputFile.Value().empty() ? The Pintool is normally a shared object loaded by Pin. The batch program uses the File class functions ReadAllLines / WriteAllLines and are much faster than the C# [Cleanup] Fix merge issue, remove forward declaration duplicate You deploy this in your service, and you see Contains being called on your hot path, but you dont see the improvements you were expecting. The code below demonstrates how to read mask values both ways. [ESP ETH] Reset GPIO states before calling ETH.begin() This document and the software described in it are furnished under license and may only be used or copied in accordance with the terms of the license. How to declare a vector of pointers to objects of a class? From now on you can set breakpoints using symbolic info of the DLLs and see comprehensive call stacks. Traces usually begin at the target of a taken branch and end with an unconditional branch, including calls and returns. [Fonts] Only include font data once in built bin file. Following example instruments a program to log Jitting and running of dynamic functions which are reported by Jit Profiling API. Applications should avoid CPU reads from pointers to resources on UPLOAD heaps, even accidently. This is a 32-bit launcher, used for launching Pin in 32 and 64 bit modes. Multi Element operands are operands of vector instructions and tile instructions, where the operand is a vector/matrix of elements and the instruction operation is performed on each element separately. Note, though, that since Pin is discovering the control flow of the program dynamically as it executes, Pin's BBL can be different from the classical definition of a BBL which you will find in a compiler textbook. Then you have to adjust the "fibonacci" project properties in Visual Studio: right-click on the "fibonacci" project in the Solution Explorer, choose Properties, and then click on Debugging. TCP port that Pin listens on waiting for a debugger connection. The reinterpret_cast operator produces a value of a new type that has the same bit pattern as its argument. [Build] Fix ST7735 library libdeps for ESP32 , . TraceFile.open(KnobOutputFile.Value().c_str()); VOID docount(UINT64* counter) { (*counter)++; }, VOID Fini(INT32 code, VOID* v) { OutFile.close(); }, VOID Arg1Before(CHAR* name, ADDRINT size) { TraceFile << name <<, VOID MallocAfter(ADDRINT ret) { TraceFile <<, VOID Fini(INT32 code, VOID* v) { TraceFile.close(); }, VOID Before(CHAR* name, WINDOWS::HANDLE hHeap, WINDOWS::DWORD dwFlags, WINDOWS::DWORD dwBytes), VOID After(CHAR* name, ADDRINT ret) { TraceFile <<, VOID Fini(INT32 code, VOID* v) { fclose(out); }. // Additional arguments have been added to the replacement routine. [Memory] Allow to disable collecting timing stats to save RAM BOOL PIN_WaitForDebuggerToConnect(unsigned timeout), UINT32 TileCfg_GetTileBytesPerRow(UINT8 *tileCfgReg, REG tmm), std::string hexstr(INT64 val, UINT32 width=0), PIN_CALLBACK PIN_AddDetachFunction(DETACH_CALLBACK fun, VOID *val), PIN_CALLBACK RTN_AddInstrumentFunction(RTN_INSTRUMENT_CALLBACK fun, VOID *val), BOOL PIN_SetThreadData(TLS_KEY key, const VOID *data), VOID BBL_InsertCall(BBL bbl, IPOINT action, AFUNPTR funptr,), UINT32 INS_OperandElementCount(INS ins, UINT32 opIdx), PIN_CALLBACK PIN_AddFiniFunction(FINI_CALLBACK fun, VOID *val), VOID RTN_InsertCall(RTN rtn, IPOINT action, AFUNPTR funptr,), BOOL INS_RegWContain(const INS ins, const REG reg), VOID PIN_GetLock(PIN_LOCK *lock, INT32 val), std::string PIN_UndecorateSymbolName(const std::string &symbolName, UNDECORATION style). For 64-bit use REG_RFLAGS or REG_GFLAGS, Instrumenting multi element instruction operands, Floating Point Support in Analysis Routines, Instrumenting Multi-threaded Applications, Avoiding Deadlocks in Multi-threaded Applications, Simple Instruction Count (Instruction Instrumentation), Instruction Address Trace (Instruction Instrumentation), Memory Reference Trace (Instruction Instrumentation), Detecting the Loading and Unloading of Images (Image Instrumentation), More Efficient Instruction Counting (Trace Instrumentation), Procedure Instruction Count (Routine Instrumentation), Finding the Static Properties of an Image, BBL: Single entrance, single exit sequence of instructions, Instrumenting Applications on Intel(R) 64 Architectures, https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff551063(v=vs.85).aspx, https://software.intel.com/sites/default/files/managed/8e/f5/PinCRT.pdf, Building a Tool From Within the Kit Directory Tree, Building a Tool Out of the Kit Directory Tree, Adding Tests, Tools and Applications to the makefile, Defining Build Rules for Tools and Applications, http://www.gnu.org/software/make/manual/make.html, A mechanism that decides where and what code is inserted, A Pintool can instrument Jitted routines using. Instruction instrumentation utilizes the INS_AddInstrumentFunction API call. // RTN_InsertCall() and INS_InsertCall() are executed in order of, // appearance. To enable the debugging extensions, run Pin with the -appdebug command line switch. [MQTT Import] Unsubscribe from MQTT topics on exit Fix build error [PWM Motor] Temp disable interrupts when processing ISR corruption in global data and dynamically allocated memory sections in the WebI'm trying to allow my program to round a number up and down respectively. To resolve this, do the following (as root): Pin ignores a ptrace command with PT_DENY_ATTACH request coming from the application on macOS* systems (flag exists only on these systems). [AdaGFX helper] Argument validation corrections [JSON] Remove some code duplication generating JSON override is a C++11 keyword which means that a method is an "override" from a method from a base class. [AdaGFX helper] Improve 'clear' command, add 'rot' command There are two usage model categories for Map, simple and advanced. The heuristics for when a analysis routine is inlined by Pin are subject to change. This may sound simple, but it is very powerful. ", /* Main: Initialize and start Pin in Probe mode. In short, dont do this a lot, and only when you really need to. On Linux IA-32 architectures, Pintools are built non-PIC (Position Independent Code), which allows the compiler to inline both local and global functions. // Instrument to print the input argument value and the return value. Image instrumentation depends on symbol information to determine routine boundaries hence PIN_InitSymbols must be called before PIN_Init. Any text that the tool writes to the "result" parameter is printed to the debugger console. See the tool Tests/parse_executed_rtns.cpp. See Pin's makefile Infrastructure for further details. // On the IA-32 and Intel(R) 64 architectures conditional moves and REP. // prefixed instructions appear as predicated instructions in Pin. However, if Pin memory allocation should be restricted to specific memory regions, the -pin_memory-range knob can be used in Pin's command line to make Pin allocate memory only inside the specified regions. It is important to check all symbol names. [PWM Motor] Simplify processing debounce on limit switches Also available is stackTrace(), which emits a stack trace and also tries to demangle C++ function names if DEMANGLE_SUPPORT is enabled (if you dont want or need C++ demangling in a specific stack trace, you can call jsStackTrace()). It's sole purpose is to indicate to the compiler that you want to take some bits and pretend that they represent this other type. In JIT mode, the only code ever executed is the generated code. Open the Visual Studio Command Prompt corresponding to your target architecture, i.e. If you're using MyPinTool, and the default build rule suffices, you may not have to change makefile.rules. Probes can only be placed on RTN boundaries. WebIt's very slow to compile, though! Building an unoptimized tool from a single source: Building an optimized tool from several source files: A default test recipe is defined in source/tools/Config/makefile.default.rules. When generating code, Pin gives the user an opportunity to inject their own code (instrumentation). bedford km for sale. See the inscount2.cpp example in the previous section for a sample use. Hence the Pintool has access to all of the executable's data. tag is the anchor name of the item where the Enforcement rule appears (e.g., for C.134 it is Rh-public), the name of a profile group-of-rules (type, bounds, or lifetime), or a specific rule in a profile (type.4, or bounds.2) "message" is a string literal In.struct: The structure of this document. input length, [P104] Add 'p', comma and dash to num. In probe mode, the application and the replacement routine are run natively. [Cleanup] Uncrustify _N001_Email.cpp Article Copyright 2022 by Michael Sydney Balloni, C# script to generate the data used by the test programs, These constants are shared with the C program that uses fixed-length fields, {rnd_str()},{rnd_str()},{rnd_str()},{rnd_str()},
[Time] Fix check whether real time is set . [Build] Disable ext. WebI create window by ImGui::Begin("Render"); ImTextureID tex_id = reinterpret_cast ( static_cast (gl_texid)); ImGui::Image(tex_id, ImVec2(256, Select image that you want to resize on the Image Resizer. Map and Unmap can be called by multiple threads safely. [2nd heap] Make sure DRAM heap is selected when making [CN]Plugin calls The PIN_AddDebugInterpreter() API allows a Pintool to establish a handler for extended debugger commands. otherwise. [Cleanup] Reduce bin size handling large switch statement Using too small values will slow down the algorithm, and reduce the accuracy of the result. The C# programs, loops and batch, are clean and easy to read and have good performance. [C014] Cleanup calls to CPlugin_014_sendMQTTdevice not using F(), [C014] Cleanup calls to CPlugin_014_sendMQTTnode not using F(), [ESP32-S2] Make it compile against esp32-2.0.0-pre, [ESP32-S2] Changed struct sizes for esp32-2.0.0-pre, [ESP32-S2] Compute LogStruct size for new String size, [ESP32-S2] Add GPIO definitions for ESP32-S2, ESPEasySerial to 2.0.6 to support ESP32-S2, [PIO] Force ESPEasySerial to update to @ 2.0.6, [ESP32-S2] Fix build warnings + set ESPEasySerial lib to 2.0.6 for ESP32, [ESP32-S2] Add touch pins to ESP32Touch plugin + check valid GPIO I2C, [ESP32-S2] Use proper WiFi event ids for IDF > 3, [Cleanup] Check for validGpio using new function, [Cleanup] Include ESPEasyLimits.h where MAX_GPIO is used, [TaskValueSet] Allow TaskValueSet on non-Dummy tasks (setting), [Hostname] Make generated hostname RFC952 compliant (, [Cleanup] Use Arduino isDigit and isAlphaNumeric functions, [Docs] Document "Allow TaskValueSet on all plugins" checkbox, [Formula] Use correct nr of decimals in formula (, [Formula] Allow using standard conversions and task values in formula, [Formula] Add more documentation for formulas + examples, [Cleanup] Replace single character flash strings, [Cache Controller] Allow to save sample time in local time, [RTC lib] Makecentury bit unambiguous in C++ terms, [Cache Controller] Update dump.htm to not check for valid timestamp, [docs] Update Cache Controller docs to mention different time exports, [Scheduler] Convert defines into SchedulerTimerType_e enum class, [MQTT] Fix duplicate call task PLUGIN_READ at MQTT connect, [Scheduler] Rename SchedulerTimerType_e to what it is calling, [NTP] Use random interval for NTP sync interval, [docs] Add documentation on on the time wander info. * This file contains an ISA-portable PIN tool for tracing memory accesses. The example can be found in source/tools/ManualExamples/inscount1.cpp, The example below instruments a program to count the number of times a procedure is called, and the total number of instructions executed in each procedure. [WiFi] Fix WiFi connect timeout handling Add custom_ESP8266_2M256 PlatformIO build env [Memory] Fix web log buffer using 2nd heap [PMSx003] Add sensor init time option after wake up sensor, [PMSx003] Add proper defaults when creating new task or loading old conf, [Cleanup] Fix compile warning and failed build on ESP8266 beta builds, [ESP32] Update GPIO description docs & add event to get boot strap pins, [P046 Ventus] Minor cleanup of strange float casts, [Build] Fix build on Windows for ESP32 Max LittleFS builds, [Build] Concat Globals .cpp files to help building in Windows, [PVS Studio] Test using ESP32 max build + some suggested fixes, [PVS Studio] Fix issues reported by PVS Studio, [PVS Studio] Fix "dangerous" macros in IRremoteESP8266 library, [Python] Update Python packages due to Sphinx build error on Python 3.10. Make sure you can run the application natively by pressing CTRL-F5. EXCEPT AS PROVIDED IN INTEL'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY, RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT. The IA-32 and Intel(R) 64 architectures include REP prefixed string instructions. Let's start with an example. [Rules cache] Add handler for speeding up rules parsing May I know, what is real use of override, perhaps with an example would be easy to understand. [Cleanup] Fix warnings of some uninitialised variables. [p2p NTP] Fix build includes 'Must Override a Superclass Method' Errors after importing a project into Eclipse. Pin treats REP prefixed instructions as an implicit loop around the inner instruction, so IPOINT_BEFORE and IPOINT_AFTER instrumentation is executed for that instruction once for each iteration of the (implicit) loop. [Build] Reduce build size reducing ArduinoJSON instances Using parent injection on an unsupported platform may lead to nondeterministic errors. The information in this manual is subject to change without notice and Intel Corporation assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or inaccuracies that may appear in this document or any software that may be provided in association with this document. I am a beginner in C++. Update _controller_substitutions.repl, Peter Kretz (1): Valid only at return instruction. There is a way to cause Pin to differentiate the just-in-time compiled code (Jitted code) from all other dynamically generated code and associate Jitted code with appropriate managed functions. The following tutorial is divided into two sections: one that is Linux and macOS centric and another that is Windows centric. PIN_IsAmxActive returns the current AMX state. The tool writer must guarantee that there is no jump target where the probe is placed. To avoid this problem, we recommend wrapping the windows.h file as follows. Depending on how direct byte buffer access is implemented, accessing the data from managed code can be very slow. Fix build errors + reword label to "Do Not Start AP", [Build] Fix build issues since ESPEasy.ino split, [Build] Fix build issues Nxxx & P001-P080, [PubSubClient] Apply fixes related to crashes on connect to broker, [MQTT] Fix MQTT controller not (re)connecting, [WiFi] Fix issue where WiFi could not scan to reconnect, [WiFi] Load known credentials right after loading settings. The simple usage models maximize tool performance, so applications are recommended to stick with the simple models until the advanced models are proven to be required by the app. 1. static _ cas t static _ cas t static _ca. Many Git commands accept both tag and branch names, so creating this branch may cause unexpected behavior. Conclusions and Points of Interest. In the attached code, this is the "net" project. [P116] Documentation corrections // IPOINT_TAKEN_BRANCH always occurs last. [Rules] Minor tweaks to improve rules execution speed When a SetSpeed event comes in, for instance, and the motor is in the Idle state, it transitions to the Start state. Web. Note, that the tool could have been simplified somewhat by using IPOINT_TAKEN_BRANCH option with INS_InsertCall(). [INO to CPP] Mark ESP8266/ESP32 specific plugins in _Plugin_init.h/.cpp // It is best to do probe replacement when the image is loaded. [Memory] Fix strange crashes due to not using correct heap [ESP8266] Change resetmethod to "nodemcu" to fix reset during flash When calling an analysis procedure, Pin allows you to pass the instruction pointer, current value of registers, effective address of memory operations, constants, etc. [Low Mem] Add checks for successful String memory allocation Here's one way of doing that: After you do this, whenever 'application_binary' is invoked indirectly (from some shell script or using 'exec'), the real binary will get invoked with the right Pin/Pintool options. ( where T* and U* are both the same type of pointer -- you can't safely put member function pointers in void*s or function pointers, for example ) [GPS] Fix set system time via GPS . [INO to CPP] Adapt __NPlugin.ino to .h/.cpp Using the RTN_InsertCall() function, you can specify the arguments of interest. WebMassively improved iostreams performance for signed char, unsigned char, char8_t, and byte elements, matching the performance of char by avoiding a slow codepath. A 24x speedup! What fun! This API causes Pin to stop the execution of all threads and triggers a breakpoint in the debugger. There is a known problem of using Pin on systems protected by the "McAfee Host Intrusion Prevention"* antivirus software. You can execute these commands in the debugger by using the "monitor" command: macOS: (note the 'command script import' command). When choosing base addresses, try to minimize memory fragmentation and layout conflicts. What does it mean? The devil is in the details. Unfortunately, docount() does have (albeit limited) control flow. See the example Using TLS for more information. Add Fixme for later reducing IRAM usage on font size struct if you misconfigure a temperature correction, a temperature of 20 will be taken. // This routine is executed each time malloc is called. [ESP32] Fix build issues [] , . Even the following C++ code can read from memory and trigger the performance penalty because the code can expand to the following x86 assembly code. [Rules] Add %eventname% and %eventpar% to allow for simpler rules [GPIO] Add option for longpulse repeat The following example shows how you can use the stack-debugger tool to start the application and attach with the debugger only after it triggers a stack limit breakpoint. To build the tool, select "Build Solution". // Insert a call to docount for every bbl, passing the number of instructions. , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , ! [Cleanup Cleanup] Add missing include [PIO build] Do not use commas in build_flags (Linux build fail), [PIO] add labels to envs which wil later adjusted in extends, [PIO] Use shorter extends chain for ESP32 max builds, [PIO] Apparently when referring an env, the 'env:' prefix is needed, [ESP32 LittleFS] Add old LittleFS library to lib_ignore, [P118] Disable P118 ITHO for now as it crashes on IDF4.4, [ESP32 Factory] Fix boot loop on 16M flash nodes using factory image, [ESP32 factory] Use esptool.py to generate and patch combined binary, [Build] Add missing esptool==3.2 in requirements.txt, [ESP32 factory] Revert factory image script to not use esptool.py, [ESP32 factory] Final fix using esptool.py by Jason2866, [ESP32 factory] Change -factory.bin to .factory.bin, [ESP32 factory] using the pio env to find esptool, [ESP32 build] Restore ESP32 build for 16M1M (using SPIFFS) with Ethernet, [Libs] Update adafruit/Adafruit BusIO @ ^1.10.0, [ESP32 IDF4.4] Set CPU frequency to 240 MHz, [ESP32 Max] Do not use "LIMIT_BUILD_SIZE" on Max builds, [ESP32 PSRAM] Rename define ESP32_ENABLE_PSRAM to BOARD_HAS_PSRAM, [Ethernet] Add selector for newer supported Ethernet chips, [PSRAM] Fix 40 MHz signal on GPIO-17 using Tasmota PSRAM functions, [Ethernet] Work-around for bug in IDF4.4 in ETH.linkUp(), [Cleanup] Fix parameter mismatch floating point formatting String, [ESP32 IDF4.4] Update to include latest merges, [Eth] Show state of actual active network device in logs, [Eth] Power cycle Ethernet device if power pin is defined, [PWM] Fix PWM and status LED on ESP32 IDF4.4, [Eth] Add option to autodetect Eth PHY address + documentation. // Pin calls this function every time a new basic block is encountered. Type: BOOL. The C# programs, loops and batch, are clean and easy to read and have good performance. Holding a lock across Pin analysis routines violates the hierarchy with respect to Pin internal locks and other locks used by the instrumented application itself. Notably some uses of reinterpret_cast could be filled by other casts. Press OK when you are done. To start running your application select Tool->pin run. [PMSx003] Document new Data Processing features. A BBL is a single entrance, single exit sequence of instructions. WebThis may seem like pedantry (mainly because it is :) ) but in C++, x++ is a rvalue with the value of x before increment, x++ is an lvalue with the value of x after an increment. [PIO] Fix merge issue "This tool demonstrates how to replace an original", " function with a custom function defined in the tool ", " using probes. Separate copies of system DLLs are not supported by the OS. Pin provides a rich API that abstracts away the underlying instruction set idiosyncracies and allows context information such as register contents to be passed to the injected code as parameters. Argument is invalid for XBEGIN and XEND instructions. A Pintool can use this string to tell the user why a breakpoint triggered. The source/tools/Config directory holds the common make configuration files which should not be changed and template files which may serve as a basis for your own makefiles. Your code is calling a method on a NULL pointer or dereferencing 0. Also note the library order, as this is important, too. If you need to change the directory structure or copy pin to a different directory, then you should note the following. [PN532] Fix switching I2C clock frequency on ESP32 floatQString::asprintffloat i double Help us identify new roles for community members, Proposing a Community-Specific Closure Reason for non-English content. strings or dynamically allocated exceptions, the handling code will need to [Build] Fix build error due to missed function renames CSS inline) [Log] Make sure to allocate 2nd heap when available Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, shouldn't the function header for* foo* be similar in class. [Web UI] Suggest reset flash write count command in error message In this example, we show how to do more selective instrumentation by examining the instructions. See PIN_FAST_ANALYSIS_CALL. Revert caching nr decimals due to strange issues. From optimization level -O2 the code is minified by the Closure Compiler and becomes virtually unreadable. [P096] Fix compiler warning on 'delete eInkScreen' Here is how to run it and the sample output: The example can be found in source/tools/ManualExamples/pinatrace.cpp. IARG_MULTI_ELEMENT_OPERAND 2. Use of this function also guarantees that the tool reads or writes the values used by the application. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Pthreads may start up synchronously - Wasm Workers always start asynchronously, Pthread topology is flat - Wasm Workers are hierarchical, Pthreads can use the Wasm Worker synchronization API, but not vice versa, Pthreads have a thread main function and atexit handlers, Pthreads have a per-thread incoming proxy message queue, Wasm Workers do not, Input events API backproxies only to pthreads, Pthread vs emscripten_lock implementation differences, Emscripten Compiler Configuration File (.emscripten). , , , , : , Squid Game , . As a convenience for Pintool writers, Pin also offers an instruction instrumentation mode which lets the tool inspect and instrument an executable a single instruction at a time. If you recompile your program and then use the run command, gdb will notice that the binary has been changed and reread the debug information from the file. One inefficiency I can see in the C++ code is that you are constructing and destructing vectors and streams 'inside' your loops. [Cleanup] Remove code duplication + concat function to reduce bin size Why does my code fail to compile with an error message about inline assembly (or. The code is added dynamically while the executable is running. And how is it going to affect C++ programming? Note that you need the full path name for Pin and Pintool binaries. // Register Image to be called to instrument functions. It is not uncommon for the replacement function to call the replaced routine. UINT32 tmmCellValue = *(UINT32*)(&(tmmReg[offset])); cout << dec << setw(5) << tmmCellValue <<. We can see the breakpoint feature in action in our example tool by using the "stackbreak 4000" command like this: When you are done, you can either continue the application and let it terminate, or you can quit from the debugger: In the previous example, we used the Pin switch -appdebug to stop the application and debug it from the first instruction. // The IP of the current instruction will be printed and. This may have some serious side-effects regarding how the flash is accessed. For a complete list, see IARG_TYPE. Fix boot flash mode Reading a TMM register content at analysis time requires using both IARG_REG_REFERENCE / IARG_REG_CONST_REFERENCE that provide the full content of the tile, [Rules] Only parse lines that need to be parsed [P096] Complete overhaul w. AdaGFX Helper, settings like P116, Use PluginStructs for multi-instance, some work in progress [LOLIN_EPD] Update library to support extra devices [Rules] Document using > 4 eventvalues + using string type eventvalues CR/LF can be used to terminate a message, [P2P] set default port to 8266, plus warn about port, partly fix for, [p2p] update text plus check for port on rootpage. However, when you continue execution (e.g. False if the instruction will not be executed because of predication, otherwise true. Penrose diagram of hypothetical astrophysical white hole, It shows the reader of the code that "this is a virtual method, that is overriding a virtual method of the base class.". [I2C] Do not run I2C tasks when bus is in error. Webstatic_cast vs dynamic_cast vs reinterpret_cast internals view on a downcast/upcast. [GPIO selection] Make conflicting pins more clear in the web interface It does not matter in what section they reside. [PWM motor] Move P098 to "testing A" due to iRAM usage Configure may run checks that appear to fail, Implementing an asynchronous main loop in C/C++, Calling compiled C functions from JavaScript using ccall/cwrap, Interacting with an API written in C/C++ from NodeJS, Call compiled C/C++ code directly from JavaScript, Calling JavaScript functions as function pointers from C, Binding C++ and JavaScript WebIDL Binder and Embind, Pointers, References, Value types (Ref and Value), Defining inner classes and classes inside namespaces (Prefix), Sub-classing C++ base classes in JavaScript (JSImplementation), Emscripten file system runtime environment, Modifying file locations in the virtual file system, Synchronous Virtual XHR Backed File System Usage, WebGL-friendly subset of OpenGL ES 2.0/3.0, Emulation of older Desktop OpenGL API features, Useful implementation details of OpenAL capture, Improving and extending the implementation, Emulated POSIX TCP Sockets over WebSockets, Full POSIX Sockets over WebSocket Proxy Server, Compiling SIMD code targeting x86 SSE instruction set, Compiling SIMD code targeting ARM NEON instruction set, WebAssembly Exception Handling-based Support, Using exceptions and setjmp-longjmp together, WebAssembly Exception Handling-based setjmp-longjmp Support, Using Exceptions and setjmp-longjmp Together, Making async Web APIs behave as if they were synchronous, Starting to rewind with compiled code on the stack, Calling compiled C functions from JavaScript, Conversion functions strings, pointers and arrays. [MQTT import] Add log when task cannot unsubscribe as others use it Pin does not serialize the calls to this callback, so it is the tool writers responsibilty to make sure this function is thread safe. In the form given below it also only works for strings of length <= 255. , () , , () () . There is also a string parameter to PIN_ApplicationBreakpoint(), which is displayed in Visual Studio when the breakpoint triggers. We call this mode of operation trace instrumentation . */, "This tool produces a trace of calls to RtlAllocateHeap.". See Adding Tests, Tools and Applications to the makefile and Defining Build Rules for Tools and Applications for further details on makefile modification. Open the source\tools\ManualExamples\fibonacci.cpp in Visual Studio and set a breakpoint to stop the execution in the debugger. const_cast is pretty easy to understand as it doesnt change the memory layout and just toggle the const flag for the compiler to help you do or avoid some checks. WebIn terms of classical basic blocks, each addl instruction is in a single instruction basic block. token value at the end of the stack, which is checked in certain locations I tried using the ceil library to get the average of 3 items.. results = ceil((marks1 + marks2 + marks3)/3) There is not enough information available to break the instructions into BBLs. While overrunning the Emscripten stack is not a security issue for The IMULTI_ELEMENT_OPERAND interface is applicable for all the vector instructions which operands have elements. Microsoft, Windows, and the Windows logo are trademarks, or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries. _malloc(1024 * 1024). // PrintIp() is called only when the last CountDown() returns a non-zero value. // multiple threads do not contend for the same data cache line. If you use "windows.h", you may see compilation errors. If you are a student, you may be able to get the Professional edition for free. The two functions do vastly different things! Fix small typos in heatpumpir documentation (P088), ci: release single binaries .zip, merge all available build artifacts, ci: try to ignore build workflow when releasing, added prometheus exporter on /metrics path, fix for building esp32 firmware from directory with space in name, Added ifdef, updated image name as per PR comments, Name Changed from ORP EZO to EZO ORP Configuration ofEZO pH now error tolerant. Rather than having two separate, * buffers for reads and writes, we just use one struct that includes a. The code below demonstrates how to read effective addresses both ways. [Build] Fix build on ESP32 'after processing the current The launcher expects the libraries to be found in the architecture-specific "runtime" and subdirectory (i.e. Some optimizations may be disabled when used in conjunction with the debug flags. uint8_t or (C++17) std::byte are better Enable clang warnings on dangerous function pointer casts using -Wcast-function-type. Based on Gris Grimly's design from his 2002 edition of the 1883 Italian novel The Adventures WebIn terms of classical basic blocks, each addl instruction is in a single instruction basic block. This article compares different approaches to solving the problems of loading large amounts of line-based, comma-delimited text from a file into data structures, and writing this data back out to another file. warning: use of old-style cast . C++Google To build this test, execute: Pin allows Pintools to indentify dynamically created code using RTN_IsDynamic() API (only code of functions which are reported by Jit Profiling API). See PinCRT for more information. A debugger will be able to attach to the application process and debug Pin/tool. // CountDown() is called for every instruction executed. The memory addresses accessed by an instruction can be modified to refer to a value calculated by an analysis routine using INS_RewriteMemoryOperand. "This Pintool prints a trace of malloc calls in the guest application\n". [Build] Fix missing controllers to ESP32 "Collection" builds [Controller] Make timeout dynamic, depending on actual results However, before you continue, set a breakpoint in "main()" so that execution stops in the debugger. Intel, Xeon, and Intel Xeon Phi are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries. Now let's try running the "fibonacci" application under Pin with the "stack-debugger" tool. The callback delineated in the PIN_DefineTraceBuffer() call is used to process the buffer when the buffer is nearly full, and when the thread exits. What does exiting the runtime mean? Example: Pin provides a mechanism to write messages from a Pintool to a logfile. To do this, open a Visual Studio command shell and type the following commands. "This Pintool prints a trace of memory addresses\n", // This tool prints a trace of image load and unload events, // Pin calls this function every time a new img is loaded, // It can instrument the image, but this example does not, // Note that imgs (including shared libraries) are loaded lazily, // Pin calls this function every time a new img is unloaded, // You can't instrument an image that is about to be unloaded, "This tool prints a log of image load and unload events\n", // Register ImageLoad to be called when an image is loaded, // Register ImageUnload to be called when an image is unloaded, // This function is called before every block, // Pin calls this function every time a new basic block is encountered, // Insert a call to docount before every bbl, passing the number of instructions, // This tool counts the number of times a routine is executed and, // the number of instructions executed in a routine, // Holds instruction count for a single procedure, // Linked list of instruction counts for each routine, // Pin calls this function every time a new rtn is executed, // The RTN goes away when the image is unloaded, so save it now, // Insert a call at the entry point of a routine to increment the call count, // Insert a call to docount to increment the instruction counter for this rtn, // It prints the name and count for each procedure, "This Pintool counts the number of times a routine is executed", "and the number of instructions executed in a routine", // Initialize symbol table code, needed for rtn instrumentation, // Register Routine to be called to instrument rtn. WebUsually, the larger the overlap, the faster the algorithm. To get this functionality, the just-in-time compiler (Jitter) of the running managed platform should support Jit Profiling API. [Git Build] Fix Git Build description on root page, [LoRaWAN TTN] Fix controller not setting SF or FP & add ADR (, [P012 LCD] Fix use of USES_P012_POLISH_CHARS define, [Cleanup] Move setup() from ESPEasy.ino to .h/.cpp file, [Cleanup] Move ESPEasy loop() and backgroundtasks() to .h/.cpp, [Cleanup] Uncrustify ESPEasy_loop(), _setup() and backgroundtasks(), [Cleanup] Remove SI1145 from standard custom build, to make it fit, [WiFi] Allow for unprocessed WiFi events to timeout. [Build] Fix ESPEasySerial build with DISABLE_SOFTWARE_SERIAL defined // of each malloc() or free(), and the return value of malloc(). [P037] Adjust for changed compare function [Dashboard] Use less resources when serving dashboard.esp Pin also breaks BBLs on some other instructions which may be unexpected, for instance cpuid, popf and REP prefixed instructions all end traces and therefore BBLs. qtc++c. Another function pointer issue is when the wrong function is called. [Core 3.0.0] Rename deprecated ICACHE_RAM_ATTR to IRAM_ATTR it, you can do something like. I don't think the compiler can do that without scanning all of the call-graph, and if the compiler does that, it won't need. makefile.config: This is the first file to be included in the make include chain. [Cleanup] Remove duplicate code to wrap text in quotes For example, you can ask your Pintool to print out information that it has collected, or you can interactively enable instrumentation only for certain phases of the application. [Cache] Cache nr of task value decimals It is also possible to use Pin to examine binaries without instrumenting them. If it does, we insert an analysis call immediately after the instruction, which checks to see if the application's stack usage exceeds a threshold. Now, you should tell gdb to load the Pintool debugging information, by copying the debugging message we got when invoking pin with the -pause_tool switch.. Now, instead of using the gdb run command, you use the cont command to continue execution. Removed build error for Build error for ESP32 builds: byte board_type = UNKNOWN; [Atlas EZO EC pH ORP] added device name to I2C address scan, reorganized plugin in Custom build, Commented Atlas EZO Plugin in Custom sample, [Playground] Move P168_ThermoOLED.ino to main repo, [Controllers] Optimize memory usage by using std::move, [Controller] Do not keep unitMessageCount as member when not needed, [Events] Make sure events are not copied unless absolutely needed, [Controllers] Implement move constructor to guarantee no copy is made, [MQTT] Fix MQTT controller may not connect when re-enabled after a while, [Memory] getMaxFreeBlock() should return valid value on ESP32, [Network] Properly switch between ETH and WiFi, [WiFi] Fix small issues showing WiFi state & abort WiFi connection process, [WiFi] Show WiFi STA MAC in sysinfo when eth is active, [Network] Allow fallback to WiFi when Ethernet not connected at boot. That will allocate 1MB of memory, which will then show Irreducible representations of a product of two groups, Allow non-GPL plugins in a GPL main program. [PWM motor] Add _P098_PWM_motor.ino In your $SPEC/config file, add the following two lines: Now the SPEC harness will automatically run Pin with whatever benchmarks it runs. Pin allows Pintools to instrument just compiled functions using RTN_AddInstrumentFunction API. If your code throws other objects, such as [Lolin EPD lib] Fix class destructor issues [Casts] Change C-style (uint8_t*) casts into reinterpret_cast, [Casts] Change C-style casts (int) and (float) into static_casts, [Docs] Update README.md about newer build sets. Removed invalid (no longer working) url [MQTT commands] Support commands with arbitrary argument position, [Provisioning] Allow to fetch config via commands from HTTP server, [Provisioning] Add factory default defines to ease deployment of nodes, [Cleanup] Fix return value of gpio_mode_range_helper (real bug), [ESP32] Update to IDF 4.4 Arduino-ESP32 2.0.1, [ESP32] Allow building LittleFS builds on ESP32, [Windows Build] Convert IRremoteESP8266 to single cpp file, [WiFi ESP32] Disable WiFi TX power settings for ESP32 (IDF4.4), [ESP32 IDF4.4] Update to the latest Arduino ESP32 2.0.1.1, [Webserver] Change chunked buffer size to 1360 bytes, [Web UI] Small tweaks improving speed serving pages, [Cleanup] Use .clear() on strings instead of assigning empty string, [Web] Allow to stream from file system (e.g. A Pintool can use this string to tell the user why a breakpoint triggered. The more limited amount of debug information can also be enabled by specifying the verbose output compiler flag (emcc -v). i will test these now [Sysinfo] Add functions to compute runtime ABP and flash frequency When writing tools, it is more important to tune the analysis code than the instrumentation code. The example can be found in source/tools/ManualExamples/detach.cpp. [P116] Simplify initialization In some cases, however, they are unavoidable for example if the code to be ported reads an int from a packed structure in some pre-existing data format. This is also useful for debugging and for simulating a data cache in a processor. Since a Pintool works like a plugin, it must run in the same address space as Pin and the executable to be instrumented. After asking the user to start the debugger, the tool then calls PIN_WaitForDebuggerToConnect() to wait for the debugger to connect. It has meaning only in the context of declaring/defining virtual functions, in other contexts it's just an ordinary identifier.For details read 2.11.2 of The Standard.. #include struct base { virtual void foo() = 0; }; struct derived : base This does not always happen automatically when using attach. The code below demonstrates how to instrument memory operands and pass the effective address of the operand or operand elements to the analysis routine. Pin on Windows uses dbghelp.dll by Microsoft* to provide symbolic information. The loops use StreamReader / StreamWriter and are intuitive and easy to develop and maintain. [Core 3.0.0] Allow building using esp8266/Arduino core 3.0.0 [SendToHttp] Fix HTTP 401 and 404 error [I2C] Fix build for ESP8266 (no Wire.end() ) If 0 bucket is asked, then the value // must stay at 0. explicit // This avoids the false sharing problem. Using diff can be very helpful for identifying changes. Compiler settings to enable runtime checking of memory accesses and common allocation errors. The way a Pintool is written can have great impact on the performace of the tool, i.e. TD-er (168): [Cleanup] Reduce bin size on longTermTimer by implementing in .cpp Often, a Pintool writer wants to run the SPEC benchmarks to see the results of their research. You may specify your own test recipes in makefile.rules in the "Test recipes" section. It also could be used instead of Visual Studio Debugger in scenario described above. , . i will test these now Here's more information about the different approaches. Compile the code using EMCC_AUTODEBUG=1 in the environment again, but this time with the settings that cause the regression. Use the -follow_execv option on the command line to instrument the child processes, like this: The example can be found in source/tools/ManualExamples/follow_child_tool.cpp. Therefore canonical instrumentation for memory accesses such as. from template The loops use StreamReader / StreamWriter and are intuitive and easy to develop and maintain. [LoRaWAN] Fix crash when LoRa or serial could not be allocated Note that in both Image and Routine instrumentation, it is not possible to know whether or not a routine will actually be executed (since these instrumentations are done at image load time). A value of integral or enumeration type to a pointer. Please refer to the documentation of PIN_ApplicationBreakpoint() and read the note about avoiding an infinite loop of calls to the analysis function. [PWM motor] Add plugin to "testing D" This section describes how to define your applications, tools and tests in the makefile. All operations on those types are not fully aligned (use the 1 variants in most cases, which mean no alignment whatsoever). You can skip the libm and math.h "dependency" as well the need for floating point operations (which are slow on some hardware), by using *output_length = ((input_length - 1) / 3) * 4 + 4; in the beginning of base64_encode. [AdaGFX helper] Change subcmd trigger, bugfixes [P095][P116] Allow longer template lines, always process subcmds The correct extension according to the OS, will be added automatically by make. The "stack-debugger" tool illustrates this by using instrumentation to observe all the instructions that allocate stack space, and then it stops at a breakpoint whenever the application's stack usage reaches some threshold. The choice of which to use depends on two factors: [Docs] Document %iswifi% system environment variable, [Domoticz MQTT] Move JSON serialize/deserialize to helper .h/.cpp, [Cleanup] Reduce build size handle internal commands macros, [GPIO] Split duplicate code into shared function to reduce build size, [Rules] Remove unused parameter & change event parameter to const, [WiFi] Remove unneeded log connection status, [Cleanup] Remove code duplication to reduce build size, [Cleanup] Stream JSON from PROGMEM LabelType::Enum array to reduce size, [Cleanup] Do not include DNS server in minimal OTA builds to reduce size, [Cleanup] Reduce build size by keeping flash strings as flash string, [Cleanup] Add FlashStringHelper function wrappers to reduce build size, [Cleanup] Add missing F() macro where applicable, [Serial log] Small optimization to reduce build size + process logs, [Cleanup] Add small optimisations to reduce build size, [Cleanup] Change return type of static get string functions to flash string, [Cleanup] Reduce build size of parseStandardConversions function, [Cleanup] Reduce build size using flash strings in selectors. [Cleanup] Keep flash string when executing internal commands // This routine is executed for each image. [Rules] Allow for empty event values For other vector instruction that don't fall into that category, the alternative to using IARG_MULTI_ELEMENT_OPERAND would be using IARG_MEMORYOP_EA and read the elements manually. [INO to CPP] Adapt __Plugin.ino to .h/.cpp However, doing this will also be very slow and leak memory, so you should usually avoid this and instead keep reading. [Build Version] Generate build version based on date But small routines without any control flow (single basic block) are almost guaranteed to be inlined. Wow! [P116] Reorder some device settings Therefore, it is advisable to write any subroutines called by the analysis routine in a way that allows the compiler to inline the subroutines. Thus, this rule ensures that build breaks show up first for the people working on these files, not for innocent people in other packages. In optimized Emscripten output, each function pointer type is stored in a separate table based on its original signature, so you must call a function pointer with that same signature to get the right behavior (see Function Pointer Issues in the code portability section for more information). Changes in mega-20220809 (since mega-20220616): Changes in mega-20220616 (since mega-20220427): Changes in mega-20220427 (since mega-20220328): Blazej222 (1): Emcc strips out most of the debug information from optimized builds by default. Print help message if -h(elp) is specified, // in the command line or the command line is invalid. The sample tool below counts the number of instructions in an image, but does not insert any instrumentation. auto-updates, so you can open the devtools console and run a command like [P116] Add support for ST7789 240x135 resolution At various places in vulkan.hpp an assertion statement is used. [Memory] Fix crashes on serving flash strings with 2nd heap active It generates a lot of output. Pin instruments all instructions that are actually excuted. For this purpose Pin offers two additional modes: image and routine instrumentation. The following functions allow inspecting the dimensions of the matrix: Each one is annotated with its expected alignment. As an example, here is code which counts the number of times REP prefixed instructions are executed, optimizing cases in which the REP prefixed instruction only depends on the count register. For example, if the number is 3.6, my program is suppose to round up the nearest number which is 4 and if the number is 3.4, it will be rounded down to 3.. Any lock, The tool must establish a call-back that executes when the application raises an exception and this call-back must release lock, If the tool calls a Pin API from an analysis routine, it may acquire and hold a lock. [SendToHttp] Do not set HTTP authentication when no user/pass set Check of x and y against height and width has to be done before, TD-er (50): [AdaGFX helper] Rename color(depth) enum values [Memory] Do not switch heap from .ino or .h files. (Note: REG_EFLAGS enum represents eflags register, used on 32-bit systems only. For example, if a tool replaces EnterCriticalSection() with an analysis routine that calls printf(), this could result in an infinite loop, because printf() can also call EnterCriticalSection(). It comes down to the std::getline call for loading, and the stream output for writing; the other code costs little. // Initialize the memory reference buffer; // set up the callback to process the buffer. [Cleanup] Replace some short flash strings with chars [GPIO] Fix bug in GPIO command parsing (#4271) [P037] Reduce String re-allocations and memory use This problem does not exist on Linux. Additionally, we assume that the application may acquire locks at the top of this hierarchy (i.e. [time] Reduce time update frequency from the same time source For example, thread A acquires lock L1 and then acquires lock L2, while thread B acquires lock L2 and then acquires lock L1. WebYour project's .h files. For changing the directory where the tool will be created, override the OBJDIR variable from the command line: Pintools are built using make on all target platforms. WebIt's very slow to compile, though! The resize() method (and passing argument to constructor is equivalent to that) will insert or delete appropriate number of elements to the vector to make it given size (it has optional second argument to specify their value). [Rules] Fix missing include Let's look at the code in the tool that connects to the debugger now. Web. CPU reads will work, but are prohibitively slow on many common GPU architectures, so consider the following: Don't make the CPU read from resources associated with heaps that are D3D12_HEAP_TYPE_UPLOAD or have [Docs] Fix some small documentation issues. The file "pin" is a c-based launcher executable that expects the Pin binary "pinbin" to be in the architecture-specific "bin" subdirectory (i.e. For the IA-32 architecture, use TARGET=ia32 instead. // including pin -t -- // Register function to be called when the application exits, "This tool prints out the stack filtered by the dynamicaly created functions only", // Verify this instruction can be used with IARG_MULTI_ELEMENT_OPERAND, // In this example we only instrument instructions that are good, // for both IARG_MULTI_ELEMENT_OPERAND and the alternative, // Both will print the element addresses but will use different IARGs. Make sure ESPeasy serial can be allocated if P093 data struct was allocated (embed it). I've started studying multithreading in C++ and I'm trying to understand how it works, but on the internet I can't find a clear explanation. [P037] Disable development logging If a tool replaces a function shared by the tool and the application, an undesirable behavior may occur. forbidding the use of it everywhere else) would break backwards compatibility. Do include degree symbol on limited build sizes Here is an example which shows how to handle that. [Log] Call addLogMove where log Strings can be moved instead of copied Any text that the tool writes to the "result" parameter is printed to the Visual Studio Pin Console window. Pin guarantees that a trace is only entered at the top, but it may contain multiple exits. To use [P037] MQTT Wildcard handling improvement The first observation is that for most branches we can find out inside of Instruction() what the branch target will be . In terms of classical basic blocks, each addl instruction is in a single instruction basic block. A probe is a jump instruction that is placed at the start of the specified routine. CPU reads will work, but are prohibitively slow on many common GPU architectures, so consider the following: All CPU-accessible memory types support persistent mapping usage, where the resource is mapped but then never unmapped, provided the application does not access the pointer after the resource has been disposed. The compiler also knows that it's an override, so it can "check" that you are not altering/adding new methods that you think are overrides. The tool considers both calls and branches but for brevity we will not mention branches in our description. [PWM motor] Add configurable duty cycle Complete bug reports that are easy to reproduce are fixed faster, so try to provide as much information as possible. Of course, many analysis routines do have control-flow changes. Example for it is system() function which calls /bin/sh which is SIP protected. The "pin" launcher distinguishes the 32-bit version of the Pin binary from the 64-bit version of the Pin binary by using the -p32/-p64 switches, respectively. [P116] Re-order settings, minor improvements An example VS project that builds Pintool in the Visual Studio IDE can be found in the \source\tools\MyPinTool directory. 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