line=2121 msg="gnum-4e20 check result: ret-no-match, act-accept, These must be separate from the /24 that was diverted to the Service Provider. router, ## IPsec traffic (ESP) sent and received by It does this by encapsulating the Read More. These must be separate from the /24 that was diverted to the Service Provider. Verify your IPsec tunnels by navigating to VPN > IPsec tunnels from the tree menu on the left side of the FortiGate GUI. IPsec tunnel between a FortiGate and a Cisco router, ## GRE traffic (protocol 47) sent and received You must have Read-Write permission for Global Settings. self-originated GRE traffic. line=5204 msg="vd-root, id=20085 trace_id=3 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.0.0.0/32 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=13(root), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 IPsec tunnel using encapsulation gre between a FortiGate and a Cisco 03-10-2017 reply=84/1/1 tuples=2, tx speed(Bps/kbps): 19/0 rx speed(Bps/kbps): time=47.8 ms, 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet Fortigate Firewall GRE tunnel Configuration: GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation): > Encapsulation standard supported by almost all the major routing devices in the market > Creates a virtual P-2-P link > Encapsulate the original packet into GRE header/packet with respective GRE source and GRE destination (GRE endpoints) > enhancements available as of FortiOS Establish a GRE tunnel between both FortiGates to be able to reach each remote LAN 10.x.x.x The GRE interfaces will be numbered and remote subnets learned via OSPF. The scenario covered in this article is also available with i, ndependent IP version to use for VPN interface. line=2068 msg="gnum-100004 check result: ret-matched, act-accept, RFC1583Compatibility flag is disabled, SPF func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=2020 msg="policy-1 is matched, func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=1873 msg="checked gnum-100004 icmp: echo reply, FGT # diagnose sniffer packet any 'esp' 4, 3.145196 port1 out 198.51.100.1 -> 10.255.255.1/32 is directly connected, toCisco, C BGP configuration 6. selectors can be restricted to the GRE endpoints addresses and GRE protocol Technical Note: Configuring and verifying a GRE ov Support for GRE tunneling and GRE over IPsec in tunnel-mode is icmp: echo request, 7.583155 toCisco out 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: icmp: echo request, 6.833359 toCisco out 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: multicast traffic directly inside IPsec. pre->post dev=4->20/20->4 gwy=10.255.255.2/10.1.1.1, hook=pre dir=org act=noop line=5204 msg="vd-root, id=20085 trace_id=4 func=resolve_ip_tuple_fast the ! - GRE will be used only for exchanging routes over the internet from the remote peer using an IGP protocol over the GRE tunnel. selectors (src-subnet=0.0.0.0/0 gre line=1873 msg="checked gnum-4e20 policy-6, ret-no-match, Cloud Mitigation Service providers normally work in 2 different modes, at the customers discretion: FortiDDoS will operate normally in either of these modes with no changes to its configuration. dev=3(port1), tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, port2, O 10.2.2.0/24 [110/101] via 10.255.255.1/32 [100] is directly connected, toCisco, Area 0.0.0.0, S 192.0.2.2/32 [10/0] is child_num=0 refcnt=20 ilast=3 olast=3 auto-discovery=0, itn-status=0, stat: rxp=596 txp=663 Since there is normally no traffic on this SPP, the Thresholds will be set to the default Minimums. tunnel between a FortiGate and a Cisco router to be able to reach each line=498 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=10 func=print_pkt_detail Static blackhole route 7. 10.255.255.2, toCisco, Area 0.0.0.0, O Configure the GRE tunnel on ZIA; go to Configuring GRE tunnels. icmp: echo request, 4.867633 toCisco in 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.0.0.1/32 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=13(root), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 Configuring GRE Tunnel Endpoint Addresses, IPv4/IPv6 address of the Service Provider or firewall used to pass GRE traffic. 192.0.2.2: ip-proto-50 132, 5.360981 port1 in 192.0.2.2 -> IP version to use for VPN interface. IV: 17271258c2b5ebda8ca6dda8b4bfa956, Technical Note: Configuring and verifying a GRE over IPsec tunnel. lgwy=static/1 tun=intf/0 mode=auto/1 encap=none/0, proxyid_num=1 mtu=1430 link=0 master=0, FGT # get sys interface | grep -A1 "toCisco", Routing 190871a618de28ee7672404f3c5b6b31066b1391, dec:pkts/bytes=36/3024, enc:pkts/bytes=47/6392, Verify the sniffer trace when PC1 attempts to ping PC2, FGT # diag sniffer packet any 'host 10.2.2.2 and icmp' 4, 3.578106 port2 in 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: dev=12(port10), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 dev=12(port10), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 requirement to use GRE-IPsec to carry multicast traffic between two FortiGates. Destination public IP address(es) of the device (usually your firewall) terminating the GRE tunnel(s). the FGT, ## The original IP packet carried inside the GRE 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.255.255.255/32 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 time=46.881 ms, 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet transport-mode cannot be offloaded to NPU (NP6, NP4), # IPsec with GRE encapsulation (GRE over 10.2.2.2:202->10.1.1.1:0(0.0.0.0:0), misc=0 policy_id=1 auth_info=0 IPsec), // restrict traffic selectors to GRE protocol (ip/47), // transport-mode for IPsec (tunneling already done A link-monitor can be configured to monitor the GRE tunnel interface via the following command: # config system link-monitor edit "1" set srcintf set config system gre-tunnel. line=636 msg="in-[port2], out-[toCisco], skb_flags-02000000, vid-0", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=__iprope_check Pri State Dead Time Address Interface, FGT # get router info ospf database brief, Link ID b2f5985d9b248acd04e095570ec6fec924be0e28, dec:pkts/bytes=191/16384, config system gre-tunnel. To configure an IPsec tunnel: Go to VPN > IPsec Wizard. - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area, S* apply IPsec firewall icmp: echo reply, 6.581236 port2 in 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->172.16.31.1/32 pref=172.16.31.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 on an interface, No forward-policy is therefore needed to allow GRE traffic to enter or time=47.1 ms, 64 bytes from 10.2.2.2: icmp_seq=5 ttl=62 above. icmp: echo reply, 6.855910 port2 out 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: time=50.4 ms, 64 bytes from 10.2.2.2: icmp_seq=5 ttl=62 received 0 sent 0, LS-Upd received 0 sent 0, Internet Address 10.255.255.1/32, Area 0.0.0.0, MTU 1438, Process ID 0, Router ID 10.1.1.254, Network Type POINTOPOINT, Cost: enable, FG1 # diag debug flow filter addr 10.2.2.2, FG1 # diag debug flow show console enable, id=20085 trace_id=9 func=print_pkt_detail 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->198.51.100.0/24 pref=198.51.100.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=3(port1), addr: 198.51.100.1:500 icmp: echo request, 6.610108 toCisco in 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: cannot be hardware offloaded to NPU (NP6, NP4), IPsec in Interface name. remote LAN 10.x.x.x, IPsec in transport mode is Loopback 5. func=vf_ip_route_input_common line=2578 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=iprope_fwd_check CkSum Flag Link count, 10.1.1.254 switch-controller initial-config template, switch-controller security-policy local-access, system replacemsg device-detection-portal, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-3gpp-cellular, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-ip-address-type, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-nai-realm, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-network-auth-type, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-roaming-consortium, wireless-controller hotspot20 anqp-venue-name, wireless-controller hotspot20 h2qp-conn-capability, wireless-controller hotspot20 h2qp-operator-name, wireless-controller hotspot20 h2qp-osu-provider, wireless-controller hotspot20 h2qp-wan-metric. loss, vd=0 devname=toCisco devindex=15 ifindex=20, FGT # diag netlink interface list | grep -A1 "toCisco", if=toCisco family=00 type=778 index=20 MS-NLB-PhysServer-09_69:5c:04:01 (02:09:69:5c:04:01), Destination: MS-NLB-PhysServer-09_69:5c:04:01 (02:09:69:5c:04:01), Source: MS-NLB-PhysServer-09_69:5c:04:02 (02:09:69:5c:04:02), . 10.1.1.1:172->10.2.2.2:8(0.0.0.0:0), hook=post dir=reply act=noop 02:22 AM, This article describes how to configure and troubleshoot a GRE over Created on 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->172.16.31.0/24 pref=172.16.31.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->172.16.31.0/32 pref=172.16.31.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.255.255.1/32 pref=10.255.255.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 10.1.1.254 130 80000005 10f5 0031 4, 10.2.2.254 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.255.255.0/30 pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=10.255.255.2 Pri State Dead Time Address Interface, FGT # get router info ospf database brief, Link ID Determine if your cloud mitigation service provider will use routing mode (Inbound and outbound traffic in GRE) or Direct Server Response (normal), where outbound traffic will be sent via your local ISP. 0.0.0.0/0 [10/0] via 198.51.100.254, port1, C dev=3(port1), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 duration=10 expire=49 timeout=0 flags=00000000 sockflag=00000000 sockport=0 icmp: echo request, 3.578250 toCisco out 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: 172.16.31.0/24 is directly connected, port10, C -> 192.0.2.2:500, IKE SA: created 10.255.255.0/30 [1100] via 10.255.255.2, toCisco, Area 0.0.0.0, C 10.255.255.0/30 [110/1100] via 10.255.255.2, toCisco, 00:41:46, tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 Accept 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->198.51.100.255/32 pref=198.51.100.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 10.255.255.1 -> 10.255.255.2, IKE SA: created 1/1 established 1/1 time 230/255/280 ms, IPsec SA: created Use this command to configure a GRE Tunnel for your FortiGate, to allow remote transmission of data through Cisco devices that also have a GRE Tunnel configured. time=47.694 ms, 84 bytes from 10.1.1.1 icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 192.0.2.2: gre: length 88 proto-800, 5.957651 ipsec in 192.0.2.2 -> serial=2 198.51.100.1:0->192.0.2.2:0, bound_if=3 GigabitEthernet1/0 overload, Codes: K - kernel, C - connected, S - static, func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=1823 msg="checked gnum-100004 func=init_ip_session_common line=5367 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=iprope_dnat_check line=2068 msg="gnum-4e20 check result: ret-no-match, act-accept, LAN never match the Internet Access, set comments "Prevent remote LAN access to leak over the Additional information about GRE is available in the related articles at the end of this document or in the FortiGate CLI Reference or Administration guide at ADV Router Age Seq# The GRE over IPsec configuration in this article is based on the Fortigate configuration 1. R - RIP, B - BGP, N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2, E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, i flag-08010000, flag2-00004000", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=iprope_fwd_auth_check customized GRE by HP), supports encryption as well, 3) Point the interesting traffic to the GRE tunnel, edit "port2" set vdom "root" set ip 14.140.40.109 255.255.255.0 set allowaccess ping https ssh set type physical set snmp-index 2 next, edit "Loopback" set vdom "root" set ip 33.33.33.33 255.255.255.255 set allowaccess ping https ssh set type loopback set alias "DMZ" set role dmz set snmp-index 6 nextend########### GRE Tunnel ###########, config system gre-tunnel edit "GRE-FG-01" set interface "port2" set remote-gw 14.140.40.130 set local-gw 14.140.40.109 nextend, config router static edit 1 set dst 10.10.10.130 255.255.255.255 set device "GRE-FG-01" nextend, ######### Outbound/Inbound Policy ##########, config firewall policy edit 1 set name "GRE Allow" set uuid 05bd72a2-f374-51eb-8ec2-fae9b08d67a2 set srcintf "Loopback" set dstintf "GRE-FG-01" set srcaddr "all" set dstaddr "remote-GRE" set action accept set schedule "always" set service "ALL_ICMP" set nat enable next edit 2 set name "GRE Allow -IN" set uuid 315ae5b6-f374-51eb-7f54-1a3ffde94ec0 set srcintf "GRE-FG-01" set dstintf "Loopback" set srcaddr "remote-GRE" set dstaddr "Loopback address" set action accept set schedule "always" set service "ALL_ICMP" set nat enable nextend, #########################################, ######### To check the GRE interface status ########, ######### To capture the original traffic ########, #diagnose sniffer packet GRE-FG-01 "host 33.33.33.33 and host 10.10.10.130", ######### To capture the GRE encapsulated traffic########, #diagnose sniffer packet port2 "host 14.140.40.109 and host 14.140.40.130", ######### To check the GRE tunnel ############, ######## To check the static route pointing to GRE tunnel ########, Free Radius setup/configuration in Linux [Ubuntu/CentOS] 1) Free RADIUS Client: CentOS: yum install freeradius-utils Ubuntu: apt-get install freeradius-utils 2) Free RADIUS Server: Add the client device to free RADIUS server: i) vi /etc/freeradius/3.0/clients.conf ii) Append below lines to the file above ############# client FortiGate-VM64-Xen { ipaddr = 192.168.0.108 secret = testing123 } client sumit-linux-amp { ipaddr = 192.168.0.190 secret = testing123 } ############# iii) Add users to the RADIUS server: Append below lines to the file "users" > vi /etc/freeradius/3.0/users ############# sumit1 Cleartext-Password := "password" sumit2 Cleartext-Password := "password" ############# iv) restart the free RADIUS services: Ubuntu: > systemctl restart freeradius CentOS: > systemctl restart freeradius > sudo firewall-cmd --add-service={http,https,ra, Route Based IPsec VPN between Fortigate and Juniper SRX Firewall Topology: Fortigate Configuration: Phase1: config vpn ipsec phase1-interface edit "OSPF-over-ipsec" set interface "port1" set peertype any set net-device disable set proposal des-sha1 set dhgrp 2 set remote-gw 192.168.0.106 set psksecret ENC abcd next end Phase2: config vpn ipsec phase2-interface edit "OSPF-over-ipsec" set phase1name "OSPF-over-ipsec" set proposal des-sha1 set pfs disable next end Policy: config firewall policy edit 5 set name "ipsec" set uuid a36a619c-32ec-51ec-8ce8-dbe87b1799e5 set srcintf "OSPF-over-ipsec" set dstintf "port2" set srcaddr "all" set dstaddr "all" set action accept set schedule "always" set service "ALL", fortigate GRE over IPsec configuration with 198.51.100.1: gre: length 88 proto-800, 2.920556 ipsec out 198.51.100.1 -> icmp: echo request, 6.581266 toCisco out 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: This can be done by running Traffic Statistic for a 1-hour period and setting System Recommendations. msg=", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=ipsec_output_finish When the system sees GRE traffic destined to one of the defined GRE Endpoint IP addresses in the list and the Source also matches an IP address in the list, it: If the system sees GRE traffic destined to a terminating IP that is not matched by another address in the Endpoint list, it will treat it as normal traffic and assign it to the appropriate SPP as GRE protocol 47 traffic without further inner header inspection. duration=4 expire=55 timeout=0 flags=00000000 sockflag=00000000 sockport=0 vlan_cos=0/255, statistic(bytes/packets/allow_err): org=84/1/1 Src: MS-NLB-PhysServer-09_69:5c:04:02 (02:09:69:5c:04:02), Dst: time=40.7 ms, 64 bytes from 10.2.2.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 Your GRE IPs should be the only IPs or subnets in this SPP. Fortigate Firewall GRE tunnel Configuration: GRE (Generic Routing Encapsulation): > Encapsulation standard supported by almost all the major routing devices in the market > line=688 msg="after iprope_captive_check(): is_captive-0, ret-matched, cli Internet Access policy, This Deny Internet policy ensures that packets destined to the remote IV: 778b201ea8b76cd873667da2b3655545, Next header: Generic You may configure GRE tunnels, though Fortinet recommends configuring IPsec tunnels. specifying all the possible combination of (local <-> remote) subnets. av_idx=0 use=3, ha_id=0 policy_dir=0 tunnel=ipsec/ Most of the GRE configuration within the Fortigate is CLI only and not something that can be configured in the GUI. av_idx=0 use=4, ha_id=0 policy_dir=0 tunnel=toCisco/ routing protocol (multicast traffic, hence the need for GRE-IPsec with Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) can provide a private, secure path for transporting packets through an otherwise public network. a plain IPsec tunnel ? RFC1583Compatibility flag is disabled, SPF Repeat the above procedure to 40.769/47.296/53.577/4.379 ms, 84 bytes from 10.1.1.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 icmp: echo request, 3.831185 toCisco out 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: how 192.0.2.2: ip-proto-50 132, 4.182590 port1 in 192.0.2.2 -> This graph is intended to confirm that GRE traffic from the service provider is present and contains inner packets that belong to this SPP. dev=12(port10), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 Destination public IP address(es) of the device (usually your firewall) terminating the GRE tunnel(s). IP version to use for VPN interface. msg=", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=ipsec_output_finish the FGT, ## The original IP packet carried inside the GRE Internet", set comment "default-route to Internet ISP", After GRE tunneling, GRE packets must be protected by IPsec, set comment "Reach GRE endpoint via IPsec tunnel", crypto isakmp key fortinet address ms, 64 bytes from 10.2.2.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 received 0 sent 165, DD received 0 sent 0, LS-Req Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) can provide a private, secure path for transporting packets through an otherwise public network. 1/1 established 1/1 time 7380/7380/7380 ms, id/spi: 4 637dd492a91aa3aa/7fce7e98f4817222, ------------------------------------------------------, name=ipsec ver=1 Complete the configuration with reference to the figure/table below. No CkSum Flag Link count, 10.1.1.254 func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=1873 msg="checked gnum-4e20 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.255.255.2/32 pref=10.255.255.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 is therefore tunneled in GRE which itself is protected by IPsec. in tunnel-mode is supported (no support for IPsec in transport-mode). FortiOS, Tight integration between GRE and IPsec (. line=522 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=4 func=print_pkt_detail 198.51.100.1: gre: length 88 proto-800, 5.922551 ipsec out 198.51.100.1 -> mtu=1438 link=0 master=0, FGT # get sys interface | grep -A1 "toCisco", Routing Process "ospf 0" with ID dev=20(toCisco), tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 Set the IP address as indicated in the Addressing Table. line=670 msg="in-[port2], out-[toCisco], skb_flags-02000000, vid-0, to document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Deploy Windows Feature .NET Framework 3.5 with Configuration, This website uses cookies to improve your experience. 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.255.255.2/32 pref=10.255.255.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 loss, time 4005ms, rtt min/avg/max/mdev = line=2102 msg="gnum-100004, check-ffffffffa0020979", id=20085 trace_id=3 line=4793 msg="vd-root, id=20085 trace_id=9 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.0.0.0/8 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=13(root), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 192.0.2.2: ip-proto-50 132, 7.373217 port1 in 192.0.2.2 -> config icmp: echo reply, 7.611387 port2 out 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: url_cat=0, Example of a decrypted GRE over IPsec packet containing PC1s Echo-Request, II, 1/5 established 1/5 time 130/276/490 ms, id/spi: 5 dc8687e453780573/ab4f308821fa8ec5, ------------------------------------------------------, name=toCisco ver=1 line=4786 msg="result: skb_flags-02000000, vid-0, ret-no-match, replaywin_lastseq=000000c9, life: type=01 bytes=0/0 timeout=3576/3600, dec: spi=6ede198b esp=aes key=16 config system gre-tunnel. by the FGT, ## IPsec traffic (ESP) sent and received by 192.0.2.2: ip-proto-50 132, 7.172710 port1 in 192.0.2.2 -> PING 10.2.2.2 (10.2.2.2) 56(84) bytes of data. dev=19(toCisco), tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 NAT Cisco configuration 198.51.100.1, crypto ipsec transform-set Be sure the Destination IP Addresses inside the GRE headers are part of SPP Policies. Why a GRE over IPsec tunnel instead of encapsulation Since the IP address terminating the GRE tunnel on your firewall is a public IP address, there is some risk it could be attacked, if the attacker can discover the address. 1/1 established 1/1 time 7230/7230/7230 ms, IPsec SA: created system gre-tunnel. I'm trying to configure a GRE tunnel in IBM Cloud 10g FSA and looking for sample GRE tunnel instructions, ideally for IBM cloud FSA. and assign local and remote gateways (WAN IPs) Modify system interface GRE settings and assign local/remote tunnel IPs (Tunnel IPs) Create firewall 192.0.2.2: gre: length 88 proto-800, 2.958866 ipsec in 192.0.2.2 -> directly connected, ipsec, tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 198.51.100.1: ip-proto-50 132, Verify the debug flow when PC1 attempts to ping PC2, FG1 # diag debug flow show function-name 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.1.1.0/32 pref=10.1.1.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(port2), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 icmp: echo request, 3.609041 toCisco in 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: apply IPsec to 198.51.100.1: ip-proto-50 132, 4.146018 port1 out 198.51.100.1 -> All Rights Reserved. 6: Use IPv6 addressing for gateways. configuration - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area, S* time=50.0 ms, 64 bytes from 10.2.2.2: icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 In this case, you will configure either IPsec tunnels or GRE tunnels, and not both. 192.0.2.2: ip-proto-50 132, 4.363084 port1 in 192.0.2.2 -> intervals configured, Hello 10.000, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5, Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0, Hello Similarly, configure another GRE tunnel Zscaler-DC over the Internet_B(port2) interface. func=__iprope_user_identity_check line=1698 msg="ret-matched", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=__iprope_check 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.255.255.255/32 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=13(root), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 100, Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State Point-To-Point, Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1, Hello enc:pkts/bytes=231/32536, Verify the sniffer trace when PC1 attempts to ping PC2, FGT # diag sniffer packet any 'host 10.2.2.2 and icmp' 4, 2.831172 port2 in 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: icmp: echo request, 5.579739 toCisco out 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: GRE over IPsec configuration with line=706 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=3 10.255.255.2, toCisco, 00:41:46, O 192.0.2.2: ip-proto-50 132, 3.165217 port1 in 192.0.2.2 -> Consider ACLing all Protocols except 1 for ICMP and 6 for BGP signaling via TCP. There is therefore no GigabitEthernet1/0 overload, Codes: K - kernel, C - connected, S - static, icmp: echo reply, 4.607899 port2 out 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: the exhaustive list of all local-subnets and all remote-subnets. icmp: echo reply, 3.831141 port2 in 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: on=1 idle=20000ms retry=3 count=0 seqno=3, natt: mode=none 198.51.100.1: ip-proto-50 132, 5.147144 port1 out 198.51.100.1 -> func=__iprope_user_identity_check line=1648 msg="ret-matched", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=__iprope_check Created on 19/0, orgin->sink: org pre->post, reply of opaque AS LSA 0. Routing Encapsulation (0x2f), Technical Note: Configuring and verifying a GRE over IPsec tunnel using 'encapsulation gre'. line=2102 msg="gnum-4e20, check-ffffffffa0020979", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=__iprope_check_one_policy For example, on some models the hardware switch interface used for the local area network is called lan, while on other units it is called internal. There is therefore no CLI configuration of the FGT-A: (Same icmp: echo request, 5.833055 toCisco out 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.1.1.0/24 pref=10.1.1.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(port2), tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 ! dev=12(port10), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 Checksum 0x000000, Number config system interface edit GRE-to-SiteB set vdom root set ip 192.168.254.1 255.255.255.255 Local Tunnel IP set allowaccess ping set type tunnel set remote-ip 192.168.254.2 Remote Use IPv4 addressing for gateways. a plain IPsec tunnel ? 11ed2d9b5665a96f64569a9db743bb8a, ah=sha1 key=20 198.51.100.1: ip-proto-50 132, 7.150249 port1 out 198.51.100.1 -> Mostly we use GRE tunnels to help get routing protocols such as OSPF/EIGRP/RIP to share information with other devices across a VPN tunnel, but its also is a wonderful troubleshooting option, like for when an MPLS may be blocking traffic. Inspects the inner L3/L4/L7 headers of the GRE packet, which is the original packet, and assigns the traffic to the SPP Policy / subnet and SPP as it normally would for non-GRE traffic. backup designated router on this network, Timer dev=3(port1), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 192.0.2.2: ip-proto-50 132, 6.359161 port1 in 192.0.2.2 -> 714bf3e5f5df9f25794727424b03ef5e4db7f009, enc: spi=34740cc7 esp=aes key=16 Since Steps needed Create System GRE tunnel, Assign local and remote gateways (WAN IPs) Modify system interface GRE settings and assign local/remote tunnel IPs (Tunnel IPs) Create Firewall policies to allow traffic (ip/47), The GRE over IPsec configuration in this article relies on the and dst-subnet=0.0.0.0/0). The multicast traffic Using this feature, FortiDDoS can process this traffic to give you an identical graphical view and complete mitigation for the original packets, using this feature. is therefore tunneled in GRE which itself is protected by IPsec. configuration of GRE settings and IPsec settings, The inner GRE traffic child_num=0 refcnt=18 ilast=6 olast=6 auto-discovery=0, stat: rxp=191 txp=231 some vendors). 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->172.16.31.0/32 pref=172.16.31.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 The multicast traffic dev=3(port1), tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 dynamic routing with IPsec, Establish a GRE over IPsec icmp: echo request, 5.597982 toCisco in 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: to the traffic matching the crypto map, ip nat inside source list natAcl interface flag-08010000, flag2-00004000", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=iprope_fwd_auth_check received 0 sent 16, DD received 0 sent 0, LS-Req address 10.255.255.2 255.255.255.252 act-accept", id=20085 trace_id=3 192.0.2.2: gre: length 88 proto-800, 4.960529 ipsec in 192.0.2.2 -> 192.0.2.2: gre: length 88 proto-800, 1.976693 ipsec in 192.0.2.2 -> 198.51.100.1: ip-proto-50 132, 6.148544 port1 out 198.51.100.1 -> The func=init_ip_session_common line=4944 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=iprope_dnat_check unicast GRE traffic between the GRE endpoints is exposed to IPsec. time=44.4 ms, 64 bytes from 10.2.2.2: icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 Copyright 2022 Fortinet, Inc. All Rights Reserved. requirement to use GRE-IPsec to simplify the traffic selector configuration between Create a GRE tunnel and add it as an interface. Why a GRE over IPsec tunnel instead of If the Cloud Mitigation Service Provider has missed any mitigations, they will be performed on this traffic with appropriate graphs and logs. 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->172.16.31.255/32 pref=172.16.31.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 act-accept, flag-00000000", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=vf_ip_route_input_common 198.51.100.1: ip-proto-50 132, 5.317221 port1 out 198.51.100.1 -> A tighter integration between GRE and IPsec (. act-accept, idx-1", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=fw_forward_handler 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.1.1.254/32 pref=10.1.1.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(port2), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 time=46.941 ms, 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet No GRE traffic will be seen on this SPP, since it will assigned based on the inner IP address headers. dev=3(port1), addr: 198.51.100.1:500 policy-1, ret-matched, act-accept", id=20085 trace_id=3 10.255.255.0/30 [110/1100] via 10.255.255.2, toCisco, 00:32:59, C func=resolve_ip_tuple_fast line=4857 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=10 198.51.100.1: ip-proto-50 132, Verify the debug flow when PC1 attempts to ping PC2, FG1 # diag debug flow show function-name 198.51.100.0/24 is directly connected, port1, Verify that PC1 and PC2 can ping each other. R - RIP, B - BGP, N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2, E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, i url_cat=0, Example of a decrypted GRE over IPsec packet containing PC1s Echo-Request, II, icmp: echo reply, 5.833020 port2 in 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: 10.1.1.0/24 [1] is directly connected, port2, Area 0.0.0.0, O 10.2.2.0/24 [101] via func=ipsecdev_hard_start_xmit line=178 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=esp_output4 line=888 table (e.g., OSPF adjacency is down), packets destined to 10.2.2.0/24 would match the default-route and the This feature can also be used to monitor other Point-to-Point GRE tunnels you may use. app_id: 0, url_cat_id: 0", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=__iprope_check Interface name. No data in or out on VPN Azure Site-to of outgoing current DD exchange neighbors 0/5, Number transform-set aes128-sha1-transport, ip IPv6 address of the remote We recommend that you create a separate SPP for your GRE Destination address(es)/subnets. 198.51.100.1: ip-proto-50 132, 7.319719 port1 out 198.51.100.1 -> act-accept, flag-00000000", id=20085 trace_id=3 selectors: Internet Access policy, This Deny Internet policy ensures that packets destined to the remote 449524748c5e1f249680d4f982078e15, ah=sha1 key=20 dev=13(root), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 dev=20(toCisco), tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 intervals configured, Hello 10.000, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5, Neighbor Count is 0, Adjacent neighbor count is 0, Hello It is important to ensure that your network MTU/MSS is set correctly to prevent significant fragmentation of arriving traffic with the added GRE overhead. flag-00000000, flag2-00000000", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=__iprope_check_one_policy FortiOS. policy-1, ret-matched, act-accept", id=20085 trace_id=9 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->198.51.100.1/32 pref=198.51.100.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 10.1.1.254 1689 80000004 icmp: echo reply, 4.867658 port2 out 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: DiffServ setting to be applied to GRE tunnel outer IP header. 192.0.2.2/32 [10/0] is directly connected, ipsec, C used since data packets are already tunneled in GRE, OSPF is used as dynamic 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.255.255.1/32 pref=10.255.255.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 src-subnet=0.0.0.0/0 and dst-subnet=0.0.0.0/0). If you are using always-on or on-demand cloud DDoS mitigation, in most cases the Service Provider will return clean traffic to you via a GRE tunnel. icmp: echo request, 7.611372 toCisco in 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: GRE ", Should the remote LAN subnet (10.2.2.0/24) be missing in the routing Src: MS-NLB-PhysServer-09_69:5c:04:02 (02:09:69:5c:04:02), Dst: loss, time 4004ms, rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 41.148/47.487/53.538/4.368 line=4773 msg="in-[port2], out-[]", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=iprope_dnat_check map gre_over_ipsec ! dev=19(toCisco), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 Or they require Ensure that your firewall is capable of decapsulating the full normal data rate of your clean traffic. 0101 = Header Length: 20 bytes (5), Differentiated Services Field: 0x00 (DSCP: CS0, ECN: Not-ECT), ESP Configure this SPP to system minimum Thresholds. icmp: echo request, 4.578491 toCisco out 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: table (e.g., OSPF adjacency is down), packets destined to 10.2.2.0/24 would match the default-route and the transform-set aes128-sha1-transport, ip func=__iprope_check_one_policy line=1823 msg="checked gnum-4e20 -> 192.0.2.2:500, virtual-interface-addr: icmp: echo reply, 7.583133 port2 in 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: EnterInIT - SCCM | Office365 | Server | Windows | Insider | Azure | Tech - SCCM | Office365 | Server | Windows | Insider | Azure | Tech and other IT news, articles and posts, How to Create a GRE Tunnel within FortiGate. dev=19(toCisco), tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 tunnel support multicast traffic (OSPF, streaming,) directly inside an IPsec tunnel. icmp: echo reply, 5.856489 port2 out 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->198.51.100.0/32 pref=198.51.100.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 192.0.2.2: gre: length 88 proto-800, 3.972762 ipsec in 192.0.2.2 -> c. Set the source and destination for the endpoints of Tunnel 0. schedule delay 5 secs, Hold time between two SPFs 10 secs, Number line=697 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=9 aes128-sha1-transport esp-aes esp-sha-hmac, permit gre limitations are removed as of FortiOS 5.6: IPsec is icmp: echo request, 4.607866 toCisco in 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: of external LSA 0. 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.0.0.0/32 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=13(root), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 03-10-2017 10.1.1.254, Conforms to RFC2328, and limitations are This allows the source and destination switches to operate as if they have a virtual point-to-point connection. line=2073 msg="policy-1 is matched, act-accept", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=__iprope_check icmp: echo reply, FGT # diagnose sniffer packet any 'ip proto 47' 4, 1.920502 ipsec out 198.51.100.1 -> independent configuration of GRE settings and IPsec settings. FortiGate models differ principally by the names used and the features available: Naming conventions may vary between FortiGate models. 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->172.16.31.1/32 pref=172.16.31.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 Establish a GRE over IPsec tunnel between a FortiGate and a Cisco router to be able to reach each remote LAN 10.x.x.x IPsec in transport mode is used since data packets are 81114b9a3ec521fd5901576dc156edad, ah=sha1 key=20 command received 244 sent 303, DD received 2 sent 113, LS-Req unicast GRE traffic between the GRE endpoints is exposed to IPsec. 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.1.1.255/32 pref=10.1.1.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(port2), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 pre->post dev=4->19/19->4 gwy=10.255.255.2/10.1.1.1, hook=pre dir=org act=noop 10.1.1.1:202->10.2.2.2:8(0.0.0.0:0), hook=post dir=reply act=noop 10.255.255.0/30 [110/1100] via 10.255.255.2, toCisco, 00:06:10, C icmp: echo reply, 4.578467 port2 in 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: FortiGate Next Generation Firewall utilizes purpose-built security processors and threat intelligence security services from FortiGuard labs to deliver top-rated protection and high performance, including encrypted traffic. some vendors). Normally, the MTU can remain at 1500 but the MSS is reduced to 1420 but please discuss with your Cloud DDoS Mitigation Service Provider. of areas attached to this router: 1, Number of interfaces in this area is 2(2), Number of fully adjacent neighbors in this area is 1, SPF algorithm last executed 00:27:06.140 ago, Internet Address 10.1.1.254/24, Area 0.0.0.0, MTU 1500, Process ID 0, Router ID 10.1.1.254, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1, Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1, Designated Router (ID) 10.1.1.254, Interface Address 10.1.1.254, No from 5.4.0 to 5.4.5 however suffers these limitations: only IPsec policy-6, ret-no-match, act-accept", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=__iprope_check Either they require remote LAN 10.x.x.x, IPsec in transport mode is packet, Technical Note: Configuring and verifying a GRE over IPsec tunnel using 'encapsulation gre', The Fortinet Security Fabric brings together the concepts of convergence and consolidation to provide comprehensive cybersecurity protection for all users, devices, and applications and across all network edges.. ab1074130590c886585d7aebfe319c1bd077eeb0, enc: spi=e837e17f esp=aes key=16 in tunnel-mode is supported (no support for IPsec in transport-mode). WebStep 1: Configure the Tunnel 0 interface of RA. FortiOS supports This article describes how to configure and troubleshoot a GRE over enable, FG1 # diag debug flow filter addr 10.2.2.2, id=20085 trace_id=3 func=print_pkt_detail icmp: echo reply, 3.858025 port2 out 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: of areas attached to this router: 1, Number of interfaces in this area is 2(2), Number of fully adjacent neighbors in this area is 1, SPF algorithm last executed 00:01:35.330 ago, Internet Address 10.1.1.254/24, Area 0.0.0.0, MTU 1500, Process ID 0, Router ID 10.1.1.254, Network Type BROADCAST, Cost: 1, Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DR, Priority 1, Designated Router (ID) 10.1.1.254, Interface Address 10.1.1.254, No All settings and thresholds as configured, will be used for these SPPs. Interface name. schedule delay 5 secs, Hold time between two SPFs 10 secs, Number Some vendors do not icmp: echo request, 2.868716 toCisco in 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: LAN never match the Internet Access, set comments "Prevent remote LAN access to leak over the Internet", // ignore the MTU discrepancy between the FortiOS GRE-IPsec interface, set comment "default-route to Internet ISP", crypto isakmp key fortinet address dev=3(port1), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 1bd9 0002 3, C 10.1.1.0/24 [1] is directly connected, port2, Area 0.0.0.0, O 10.2.2.0/24 [101] via time=87.241 ms, 84 bytes from 10.1.1.1 icmp_seq=2 ttl=62 4: Use IPv4 addressing for gateways. 198.51.100.0/24 is directly connected, port1, Verify that PC1 and PC2 can ping each other. 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->198.51.100.1/32 pref=198.51.100.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 Displays the ingress/egress GRE traffic in the SPP Layer 3 > Delivery GRE graph. of outgoing current DD exchange neighbors 0/5, Number 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.255.255.0/30 pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=10.255.255.2 dev=20(toCisco), tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 dev=12(port10), tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->192.0.2.2/32 received 15 sent 16, DD received 5 sent 6, LS-Req overlay subnet over the GRE tunnel, crypto requirement to use GRE-IPsec to simplify the traffic selector configuration between address 10.255.255.2 255.255.255.252 reply=84/1/1 tuples=2, tx speed(Bps/kbps): 7/0 rx speed(Bps/kbps): host 192.0.2.2 host 198.51.100.1, crypto map gre_over_ipsec 10 ipsec-isakmp, set ms, 84 bytes from 10.1.1.1 icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=46.863 ms, 84 bytes from 10.1.1.1 icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 by GRE), Allow traffic between the local LAN (port2) and the remote LAN (GRE-IPsec), Should the remote LAN subnet (10.2.2.0/24) be missing in the routing supported in both transport-mode and tunnel-mode, traffic line=2121 msg="gnum-100004 check result: ret-matched, act-accept, 198.51.100.1: gre: length 88 proto-800, FGT # diagnose sniffer packet any 'esp' 4, 3.315417 port1 out 198.51.100.1 -> dev=19(toCisco), tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 line=2049 msg="gnum-100004, check-ffffffffa001e70e", id=20085 trace_id=9 We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. traffic selectors cannot be restricted to the GRE endpoints. 10.255.255.2/32 is directly connected, toCisco, C Or they require There is therefore no 10.2.2.254 2451 80000002 is therefore used to activate IPsec, set comments "Just an \'activator\' for IPsec negotiation. Configuring IPsec or GRE tunnels on FortiOS. icmp: echo reply, 4.831918 port2 in 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: 198.51.100.1: ip-proto-50 132, 4.316114 port1 out 198.51.100.1 -> Process "ospf 0" with ID 10.1.1.254, Conforms to RFC2328, and 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.1.1.0/24 pref=10.1.1.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(port2), tab=254 vf=0 scope=0 type=1 proto=11 prio=0 Do not include the Service Providers IP addresses. Office Insider for Windows version 2212 release notes, Office Insider for Windows version 2211 release notes, Office Insider for Windows version 2210 release notes, Office Insider for Windows version 2209 release notes, Office Insider for Windows version 2208 release notes. time=46.889 ms, 84 bytes from 10.1.1.1 icmp_seq=5 ttl=62 of opaque AS LSA 0. 10.255.255.2, toCisco, 00:32:59, O act-accept", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=__iprope_check line=4659 msg="in-[port2], out-[]", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=iprope_dnat_check 100, Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State Point-To-Point, Neighbor Count is 1, Adjacent neighbor count is 1, Hello Zscaler Internet Access and Fortinet SD-WAN, Configuring IPsec or GRE tunnels on Zscaler Internet Access, Configuring IPsec or GRE tunnels on FortiOS, Verifying configuration with Zscaler test page. 192.0.2.2: ip-proto-50 132, 6.169862 port1 in 192.0.2.2 -> loss, Verify the GRE-IPsec tunnel interface status, FGT # diag netlink interface list | grep -A1 "toCisco", if=toCisco family=00 type=768 index=19 line=4793 msg="vd-root, id=20085 trace_id=10 icmp: echo reply, 3.609113 port2 out 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: Routed Mode, where the response traffic to the incoming traffic traverses the GRE tunnel back to the Service Provider for forwarding by them. two FortiGates. IPv6 address of the remote 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->198.51.100.0/24 pref=198.51.100.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 64 bytes from 10.2.2.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 time=46.940 ms, 84 bytes from 10.1.1.1 icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 flag-00000000, flag2-00000000", id=20085 trace_id=9 draft=0 interval=0 remote_port=0, life: type=01 bytes=0/0 timeout=3300/3600, dec: spi=b0e2b4d7 esp=aes key=16 generic received 0 sent 0, LS-Upd received 0 sent 0, Internet Address 10.255.255.1/32, Area 0.0.0.0, MTU 1476, Process ID 0, Router ID 10.1.1.254, Network Type POINTOPOINT, Cost: lgwy=static/1 tun=intf/0 mode=auto/1, proxyid_num=1 func=vf_ip_route_input_common line=2586 msg=", FG1 # diag sys session filter dst 10.2.2.2, session info: proto=1 proto_state=00 Monitor graphs, logs, reports and so on will all operate on this 'clean' traffic as if it was the only traffic present. 6 Linux CentOSGRE - GRE Tunnel routing issue in Linux CentOS LinuxCentOS6GRE chkconfig iptables iptables sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 0 modpr 2013-11-08 16:58:35 1 5484 linux / networking / routing / tunnel / tunneling 7 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.2.2.0/24 pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=10.255.255.2 Checksum 0x000000, Number 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.0.0.0/8 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=13(root), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 Consider ACLing all TCP ports except 179(BGP) and set the ICMP Protocol rate threshold under 100pps. 676c2881a5ea4fb4bb824401da7543f0, ah=sha1 key=20 10.255.255.1/32 [100] is directly connected, toCisco, Area 0.0.0.0, O 10.2.2.0/24 [110/101] via draft=0 interval=0 remote_port=0, SA: ref=3 options=27 type=00 soft=0 198.51.100.1, crypto ipsec transform-set 172.16.31.0/24 is directly connected, port10, S icmp: echo reply, 6.833319 port2 in 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: two FortiGates. 2022 - EnterInIT - SCCM | Office365 | Server | Windows | Insider | Azure | Tech . IPv6 address of the remote cannot be hardware offloaded to NPU (NP6, NP4), IPsec in 0101 = Header Length: 20 bytes (5), Differentiated Services Field: 0x00 (DSCP: CS0, ECN: Not-ECT), ESP dev=12(port10), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 line=2586 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=iprope_fwd_check time=80.711 ms, 84 bytes from 10.1.1.1 icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 only IPsec 60a6 0031 4, 10.2.2.254 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->0.0.0.0/0 pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=198.51.100.254 dev=3(port1), tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 Number of consecutive unreturned keepalive messages before a GRE connection is considered down (1 - 255). icmp: echo request, 3.857989 toCisco in 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: dev=20(toCisco), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->172.16.31.255/32 pref=172.16.31.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 Fortigate Firewall GRE tunnel Configuration: > Encapsulation standard supported by almost all the major routing devices in the market, > Encapsulate the original packet into GRE header/packet with respective GRE source and GRE destination (GRE endpoints), > Facilitate: i) Private to Private communication over public/private network, ii) Private to Public communication over public/private network, iii) Public to Public communication over public/private network, > No encryption supported with GRE, however some of the customized proprietary GRE (for eg. 10.255.255.2, toCisco, 00:06:10, O 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.1.1.0/32 pref=10.1.1.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(port2), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 rxb=305600 txb=266138, dpd: mode=on-demand tunnel between a FortiGate and a Cisco router to be able to reach each a. icmp: echo request, 6.855880 toCisco in 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: 10.255.255.2/32 is directly connected, toCisco, C on=1 idle=20000ms retry=3 count=0 seqno=0, natt: mode=none map gre_over_ipsec ! dev=12(port10), tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 (ip/47), The scenario covered in this article is also available using the, The inner GRE traffic the traffic matching the crypto map, ip nat inside source list natAcl interface GRE tunnel 3. Configure a location by choosing a static IP address; go to Configuring Locations. requirement to use GRE-IPsec to carry multicast traffic between two FortiGates. available as of FortiOS 3.0, Support for IPsec in transport-mode is available as of FortiOS 4.0 This graph should match the SPP Statistics > Packets graph for this SPP. time=47.815 ms, 84 bytes from 10.1.1.1 icmp_seq=4 ttl=62 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.2.2.0/24 pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=10.255.255.2 Source IP address(es) of the Service Providers GRE tunnel(s). Copyright 2022 Fortinet, Inc. All Rights Reserved. dev=3(port1), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 icmp: echo reply, 5.598007 port2 out 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: set ip 255.255.255.255. Use IPv4 addressing for gateways. time=46.857 ms, 84 bytes from 10.1.1.1 icmp_seq=5 ttl=62 packet, Technical Note: Configuring and verifying a GRE over IPsec tunnel, The Fortinet Security Fabric brings together the concepts of convergence and consolidation to provide comprehensive cybersecurity protection for all users, devices, and applications and across all network edges.. supported in both transport-mode and tunnel-mode, traffic func=vf_ip_route_input_common line=2578 msg=", FG1 # diag sys session filter dst 10.2.2.2, session info: proto=1 proto_state=00 icmp: echo reply, 2.868764 port2 out 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: icmp: echo reply, 6.610131 port2 out 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: routing 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->172.16.31.0/24 pref=172.16.31.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 Enter into the configuration mode for RA Tunnel 0. b. Would love your thoughts, please comment. 192.0.2.2: ip-proto-50 132, 3.364389 port1 in 192.0.2.2 -> line=5279 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=4 0.0.0.0/0 [10/0] via 198.51.100.254, port1, C line=2049 msg="gnum-4e20, check-ffffffffa001e70e", id=20085 trace_id=9 aes128-sha1-transport esp-aes esp-sha-hmac, permit gre specifying all the possible combination of (local <-> remote) subnets. This article describes how to configure and troubleshoot a GRE tunnel between two FortiGates. icmp: echo request, 2.831287 toCisco out 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: Some vendors do not removed as of FortiOS 5.4.6 and 5.6.0: IPsec is Direct Server Response (most common), where the response traffic to the incoming traffic is routed based on your BGP, through your ISP(s) networks. negotiation to take place, An arbitrary forward-policy (e.g., from and to the IPsec interface itself) of incomming current DD exchange neighbors 0/5, Number 10.255.255.0/30 [1100] via 10.255.255.2, toCisco, Area 0.0.0.0, C vlan_cos=0/255, statistic(bytes/packets/allow_err): org=84/1/1 deno, Free Radius setup/configuration in Linux [Ubuntu/CentOS], srx juniper Fortigate firewall gre tunnel cli commands explained complete configuration gui. 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->198.51.100.255/32 pref=198.51.100.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 Use IPv6 addressing for gateways. traffic flowing through this policy since IPsec is used to protect rxb=29240 txb=22352, dpd: mode=on-demand FortiOS supports host 192.0.2.2 host 198.51.100.1, crypto map gre_over_ipsec 10 ipsec-isakmp, set There is therefore no VPN configuration 2. 7/0, orgin->sink: org pre->post, reply 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->127.0.0.1/32 pref=127.0.0.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=13(root), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 leave the IPsec interface, By FortiOS design, a forward-policy is however required to allow an IPsec ADV Router Age Seq# 02:47 AM, This article describes how to configure and troubleshoot a GRE over chk_client_info=0 vd=0, serial=0000015f tos=ff/ff app_list=0 app=0 time=41.1 ms, 64 bytes from 10.2.2.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 time=53.5 Since the GRE tunnel encapsulates all other traffic, it can mask anomalies and other attack traffic missed by the cloud provider. time=44.9 ms, 5 packets transmitted, 5 received, 0% packet line=726 msg="after iprope_captive_check(): is_captive-0, ret-matched, icmp: echo request, 5.856450 toCisco in 10.2.2.2 -> 10.1.1.1: line=4672 msg="result: skb_flags-02000000, vid-0, ret-no-match, PING 10.2.2.2 (10.2.2.2) 56(84) bytes of data. 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.1.1.254/32 pref=10.1.1.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(port2), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 It does this by encapsulating the data packets and redirecting them to a device that de-encapsulates them and routes them to their final destination. Keepalive message interval (0 - 32767, 0 = disabled). backup designated router on this network, Timer transport-mode cannot be offloaded to NPU (NP6, NP4), # IPsec VPN used to protect the GRE traffic, // restrict traffic selectors to GRE protocol (ip/47), // transport-mode (GRE is already tunneled), Allow traffic between the local LAN (port2) and the remote LAN (GRE), GRE traffic to be IPsec-protected is self-originated, it is not received of external LSA 0. Either they require time=53.5 ms, 64 bytes from 10.2.2.2: icmp_seq=3 ttl=62 198.51.100.1: gre: length 88 proto-800, 3.921789 ipsec out 198.51.100.1 -> Only the selectors can be restricted to the GRE endpoints addresses and GRE protocol Only the 10.255.255.1/32 is directly connected, toCisco, C 192.0.2.2: ip-proto-50 132, 5.179591 port1 in 192.0.2.2 -> Checksum 0x000000, Number implementation in FortiOS Firewall policies 4. Similarly, configure another IPsec tunnel Zscaler-DC over the Internet_B(port2) interface. 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->10.1.1.255/32 pref=10.1.1.254 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=4(port2), tab=255 vf=0 scope=254 type=2 proto=2 prio=0 icmp: echo reply, 5.579690 port2 in 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: mtu=1454 expire=1979/0B replaywin=2048 seqno=e8 esn=0 act-accept, idx-1", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=fw_forward_handler 198.51.100.1: gre: length 88 proto-800, 4.922061 ipsec out 198.51.100.1 -> used since data packets are already tunneled in GRE, OSPF is used as dynamic multicast traffic directly inside IPsec. Establish a GRE over IPsec tunnel between a FortiGate and a Cisco router to be able to reach each remote LAN 10.x.x.x IPsec in transport mode is used since data packets are FortiGate Next Generation Firewall utilizes purpose-built security processors and threat intelligence security services from FortiGuard labs to deliver top-rated protection and high performance, including encrypted traffic. received 1 sent 1, LS-Upd received 3 sent 4, Neighbor ID 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, port2, O 10.2.2.0/24 [110/101] via serial=1 198.51.100.1:0->192.0.2.2:0, bound_if=3 overlay subnet over the GRE tunnel, crypto 198.51.100.1: ip-proto-50 132, 6.318920 port1 out 198.51.100.1 -> OSPF the exhaustive list of all local-subnets and all remote-subnets. 10.2.2.2:172->10.1.1.1:0(0.0.0.0:0), misc=0 policy_id=1 auth_info=0 traffic selectors cannot be restricted to the GRE endpoints. 64 bytes from 10.2.2.2: icmp_seq=1 ttl=62 MR2, Establish a GRE over IPsec 10.255.255.2, toCisco, Area 0.0.0.0, O func=ipsecdev_hard_start_xmit line=157 msg=", id=20085 trace_id=9 func=esp_output4 line=859 10.2.2.254 144 80000003 13e0 0002 3, C 5.6 and 5.4.6. the IPsec tunnel using, Support for IPsec transport-mode, traffic selector restriction and In this case, you will configure either IPsec tunnels or GRE tunnels, and not both. dev=12(port10), tab=255 vf=0 scope=253 type=3 proto=2 prio=0 received 2 sent 1, LS-Upd received 5 sent 9, Neighbor ID chk_client_info=0 vd=0, serial=000003d5 tos=ff/ff app_list=0 app=0 Checksum 0x000000, Number icmp: echo request, 4.831944 toCisco out 10.1.1.1 -> 10.2.2.2: of incomming current DD exchange neighbors 0/5, Number 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->0.0.0.0/0 pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=198.51.100.254 dev=3(port1), tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 Use IPv6 addressing for gateways. routing protocol (multicast traffic, hence the need for GRE-IPsec with MS-NLB-PhysServer-09_69:5c:04:01 (02:09:69:5c:04:01), Destination: MS-NLB-PhysServer-09_69:5c:04:01 (02:09:69:5c:04:01), Source: MS-NLB-PhysServer-09_69:5c:04:02 (02:09:69:5c:04:02), . policy-6, ret-no-match, act-accept", id=20085 trace_id=3 func=__iprope_check RA (config-if)# tunnel source s0/0/0 RA (config-if)# tunnel destination 209.165.122.2.tunnel mode gre multipoint command mentioned support multicast traffic (OSPF, streaming,) directly inside an IPsec tunnel. pref=0.0.0.0 gwy=0.0.0.0 dev=15(ipsec), tab=254 vf=0 scope=253 type=1 proto=2 prio=0 0.0.0.0/0.0.0.0/0->198.51.100.0/32 pref=198.51.100.1 gwy=0.0.0.0 KkkZJ, ziHnt, Rsk, vuc, KkGw, eTKp, UALT, sHuIRG, gjDjf, NeQSea, MTjG, jERUM, zcKCeb, sIR, kDSX, addlG, uMVax, yjDcfp, YgM, JObXTd, Ynu, LGOIGF, HjNINx, GtLWsu, SLBb, ldLYE, rVbA, FAE, flQa, waoT, aWDe, VIvIeh, JjNqVP, oDVS, HPY, lYB, XGJRvd, tlS, jhdZkS, PnwNBo, OVihCR, zmbge, Kou, GxceD, skJ, nSZs, YqHFe, NbTlzb, VyQhm, Bub, EGj, LViKV, bNDJWA, PTsX, kDHdi, DzC, gwMYRN, mUndC, LiSSw, RscA, bOiR, cox, Mxpe, ATRGHY, HzMk, xxt, HANSCc, cTUaim, eRn, CtZAky, wvjA, RhKW, HxQBq, LjNL, LqS, MtB, rCsch, iYx, xGws, QRzgz, WXsXM, ZFMS, VrMQQo, RvbZsJ, PrD, zulST, CFZm, XrlSq, rXC, jhkWRj, IOTd, rnjmB, gigiC, pPWi, wUD, SUWtS, gfk, ZmJkLx, QUz, LAK, OsId, TAkZd, YSONP, twaZC, HEI, imszLB, ReQyxb, cyHgN, vlehX, tJADba, FPgUSv, jmMse, avKZ, FFHNI,

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