Therefore, the surface area of the hemispherical shell is 3r2. CSA of hemisphere = (1/2)surface area of the sphere. Let us learn more about the total surface area of a hemisphere and the curved surface area of a hemisphere along with solved examples. The lateral surface area of hemisphere is another name for the curved surface area of hemisphere and the formula for curved surface area of a hemisphere is 2r2. An example is when a painting company is hired to paint the inside of a dome building. How do you find the surface area of a hemispherical dome? It gives the proportion of surface area per unit volume of the object (e.g., sphere, cylinder, etc.). Additionally, we will see an example that will help us to solve questions. If this is what is meant by the surface area of a hemisphere then 2 r 2 = 1062. The sphere is obtained from the rotation of 2D shape called the circle. Curved surface area of a hemisphere = 1/2 (Curved surface area of a sphere). Question 2: How to find the base area of a hemisphere? Curved Surface area of a hemisphere = 2 r2 = 2 3.14 92 = 2 3.14 81 = 508.68 units2, Therefore, the curved surface area of the hemisphere = 508.68 units2. When we cut round-shaped fruits like oranges, tamarind, watermelon, etc., the shape of the fruit becomes a solid hemispherical shape. If the plane passes through the center of the sphere (forming a great circle), so that the height of the cap is equal to the radius of the sphere, the spherical cap is called a hemisphere Dish Ends Calculator is designed for Flat Head, 10% Torispherical Head, 2:1 . The following steps show how to find the curved surface area of a hemisphere. The surface area of a hemisphere can be found by following easy steps based on what type of hemisphere is given. To put it another way, a hemisphere is an exact half of a sphere in geometry. The surface area of hemisphere is defined by two types of hemispheres, the solid hemisphere, and the hollow hemisphere. They need to know what the interior wall and floor surface area are so they can purchase the correct amount of paint. As the Hemisphere is the half part of a sphere, therefore, the curved surface area is also half that of the sphere. It involves the flat as well as the curved faces. What is the probability sample space of tossing 4 coins? While the surface area of a hemisphere is the sum of the curved surface area and the base area of hemisphere, therefore, the formula for TSA becomes 3r2. Calculator online for a the surface area of a capsule, cone, conical frustum, cube, cylinder, hemisphere, square pyramid, rectangular prism, triangular prism, sphere, or spherical cap. Question 5: What is the surface area of a hemispherical shell? The following is the formula for a hemisphere's volume: The volume of hemisphere = r^3. The surface area of the hemisphere is 75. The surface area of a hemisphere is the total area of all its faces. The total surface area of a hemisphere can be calculated by finding the sum of the areas of its curved surface and base surface. (Use = 3.14). It is equal to half of the total surface area of a sphere. Solve for r.If you have a hemispherical object then it has a base which is a circle of radius r.The area of a circle of radius r is r2 and thus if the hemisphere is meant to include . Our earth is one of the best examples of 3D shapes, which is spherical in shape. In geometry, the hemisphere is a three-dimensional solid figure that is exactly half of the sphere. Let us understand the derivation of this formula. A sphere is a combination of the two hemispheres. The surface area of a 3D shape is the total area of all of the faces. What is the third integer? A hemisphere is formed when a plane divides a sphere into two equal parts. It is measured in square units and the formula is: Surface Area of Hemisphere = 3r2 Where is the constant which is taken as 3.142 or 22/7, and r is the radius of the hemisphere. The formula for the total surface area of a hemisphere when the given radius is r is 3r2. The curved surface area of a hemisphere = 2r2 square units. The formula for the surface area of a hollow hemisphere is, TSA of hollow hemisphere = 3R2 + r2. m. Example 3: Calculate the radius of a hemisphere if its total surface area is 350 sq. Following are the steps that can be followed to obtain the surface areas based on the requirement. How to convert a whole number into a decimal? Surface area of a hemisphere: SA = 2r2 + r24.) Therefore, the formula for the total surface area of a hemisphere becomes. A hemisphere is a solid and is half of the sphere. To derive the formula for surface area of a hemisphere, we simply divide the sphere surface area formula by 2 and then add in the area of the circle at its bottom. The surface area of a hemisphere is the total area that its faces cover. The radius (r) of the hemisphere = 9 units. Find the surface area of a hemisphere whose radius is 4 cm? The hemisphere can either be hollow or solid. If you roll a dice six times, what is the probability of rolling a number six? The volume of a hemisphere is expressed in cubic units i.e. Surface area of a sphere: SA = 4r22.) The total surface area of a hemisphere is the total area of all the faces (curved and base area). Hemisphere Formulas in terms of radius r: Volume of a hemisphere: V = (2/3) r 3 Circumference of the base of a hemisphere: C = 2 r Curved surface area of a hemisphere (1 side, external only): A = 2 r 2 Calculate the base surface area of a hemisphere ( a circle ): B = r 2 Total surface area of a hemisphere: K = (2 r 2) + ( r 2) = 3 r 2 The total surface area of a hemisphere is defined as the total space covered by the surface of the hemisphere. This three-dimensional figure can be compared with a half watermelon, half lemon, etc. Online calculators and formulas for a surface area and other geometry problems. Example: Find the total surface area of a hemisphere whose radius measures 7 units. Because the head is thinner than the shell, a standard code 3:1 taper is used on the transition. As the Hemisphere is the half part of a sphere, therefore, the curved surface area is also half that of the sphere. Therefore, the formula to calculate surface area to volume ratio is: SA/VOL = surface area (x 2) / volume (x 3) SA/VOL = x-1, where x is the unit of measurement. When a sphere is sliced at the precise center along its diameter, two equal hemispheres are generated. The curved surface area (CSA) of a hemisphere can be calculated using the following steps. A hemisphere's volume is measured in cubic units, such as metres, centimetres, and millimetres. r = radius of cylinder and hemispherical ends; Total Surface area of Sphere (TSA) = 4r 2 Curved Surface area of Hemisphere (CSA) = 2r 2 Total Surface area (TSA) = 3r 2 Surface area of Hemisphere Formula Examples Question: The radius of a red balloon increases from 6cm to 12 cm when the air is pumped into it. In general, the three-dimensional objects are obtained by rotating the two-dimensional objects. By determining the radius of the inside hemisphere shape of the dome building, they can quickly determine surface area and therefore how much paint to buy. On behalf of our dedicated team, we thank you for your continued support. Learn how to find the surface area of a hemisphere in this free math video tutorial by Mario's Math Tutoring.0:13 Formula for Surface Area of a Sphere0:27 Ho. What is the probability of getting a sum of 7 when two dice are thrown? Therefore, the volume of a hemisphere formula is as follows: V = V(sphere)/2 , V = 2/3 * * r . The surface area of a hemisphere is measured in square units. This is written as TSA of hollow hemisphere = 2 (R2 + r2) + (R2 - r2). It should be noted that the base of a hemisphere is a circle. Thus, we follow the steps shown below to find the curved surface area of a hemisphere. Step 2: Find the curved surface area of a hemisphere using the formula = 2r 2. Put your understanding of this concept to test by answering a few MCQs. Total surface area of a hemisphere = Curved surface area + Base area. where, = 3.14 (constant value) Other than being tasked directly with finding the surface area of a hemisphere (also called a semisphere or a half sphere), there are many real-world situations where our formula will be useful. It should be noted that there are two diameters for the circular bases of a hollow hemisphere, one for the inner circular base (hollow region), and one for the outside circular base. Lets break down the areas in order to obtain the surface area of a hollow hemisphere, Therefore, the total surface area of the hemisphere = 2R2 + 2r2 + (R2 r2). The surface area of a hemisphere is defined as the region covered by the faces of the hemisphere. It is exactly half of the surface area of a sphere. Half of this is 2 r2. The total surface area of the sphere = Curved surface area of sphere + base area. It can be classified into two categories: The curved surface area of a hemisphere is the area covered by its curved surface. How do you find the hemisphere? From the given figure, it is observed that a hemisphere is attached to the part of a cube. No tracking or performance measurement cookies were served with this page. Example: Find the curved surface area of a hemisphere . The base of the hemisphere is in a circular shape, and therefore, the formula for the base area of the hemisphere is equal to the area of a circle. Explain different types of data in statistics. 3D shapes have three different dimensions like length, breadth and height. Click Start Quiz to begin! Nikkolas and Alex Step 3: Represent the final answer in square units. Calculate the unknown defining side lengths, circumferences, volumes or radii of a various geometric shapes with any 2 known variables. A hemisphere can be defined as a set of points in a three-dimensional space where all these points lie on a surface and are equidistant from the center. For instance, the bowl that we use to eat food from is nothing but a hollow hemisphere. The surface area of a hemisphere can be calculated depending upon the kind of hemisphere which can be hollow or solid, and also upon the kind of surface area that is required. Hence, base area becomes r2. Step 1: Identify the radius of the hemisphere and name it to be 'r'. (i) CSA of the hemisphere= 2 3.14 4 4, (ii) TSA of the hemisphere = 3 3.14 4 4. How to Find the Surface Area of a Hemisphere? Point of Intersection of Two Lines Formula, Find a rational number between 1/2 and 3/4, Find five rational numbers between 1 and 2, Beyond Regional Frontiers: The story of Kathak. We will take a detailed look at the surface area and volume of hemisphere formula in this article. The surface area of a hemisphere is the total area of all its faces. The area of only the curved part is called the curved surface area of hemisphere. Dish Ends Calculator is used for Calculations of Pressure Vessels Heads Blank Diameter, Crown Radius, Knuckle Radius, Height and Weight of all types of pressure vessel heads such as Torispherical Head, Ellipsoidal Head and Hemispherical head. It's fulfilling to see so many people using Voovers to find solutions to their problems. How many whole numbers are there between 1 and 100? Total surface area of a hemisphere: A = 3 * * r , Surface to volume ratio of a hemisphere: A / V = 9 / (2 * r) . Generally, there are two different types of surface area. Cylinder with Hemispherical Ends. h 2 = height of cones. It can be said that if a sphere is divided into two equal parts, we will get two hemispheres. This can be calculated using the formula, TSA of a hollow hemisphere = 3R2 + r2, where, r is the radius of the internal hemispherical shell, and R is the radius of the external hemispherical shell. Derivation of the Formula We have learned different types of three-dimensional shapes. TSA of cube = 6(5) 2 = 6(25) = 150 cm 2. Before learning the formula for the surface area of hemisphere, lets understand what is hemisphere followed by the formula and solved examples. Have questions on basic mathematical concepts? The total surface area = 3r2 square units. If we ever must solve for surface area of a hemisphere but cannot remember the exact hemisphere formula, we can follow the method shown above to get the correct solution. Therefore, the formula to calculate surface area to volume ratio is: SA/VOL = surface area (x 2) / volume (x 3) SA/VOL = x-1, where x is the unit of measurement. Find the diameter of the bowl. Curved Surface area of a hemisphere = 2 r2 = 2 3.14 82 = 2 3.14 64 = 401.92 units2, Therefore, the curved surface area of the hemisphere = 401.92 units2. It is made up of two parts: hemi, which means half, and sphere, which is a 3D mathematical shape. The formula for total surface area equals three times the product of the pi () and the square of the radius of the hemisphere. The surface area of a hemisphere is also known as the total surface area of hemisphere. A hemisphere is formed when the plane cuts the sphere into two equal halves. The base area of hemisphere has circular shape and therefore, the area of circle will be used to find the base area of hemisphere. Put the r value in the formula for the total surface area of sphere, that is, TSA = 3r, Put the r value in the formula for the total surface area of a sphere, that is, TSA = 3R, Put the r value in the formula for total surface area of sphere, that is, TSA = 3r. The hemisphere has a curved surface and a flat surface. Therefore, the formula to calculate the surface area of the block is given as: The formula for the curved surface area of a hemisphere when the given radius is r is 2r2. The curved surface area of a hemisphere (CSA), The total surface area of a hemisphere (TSA), The curved surface area of the outer hemisphere = 2R, The curved surface area of the inner hemisphere = 2r, If we observe the figure given below, we can see that a ring is formed. We can easily find the surface area of a hemisphere since the base of the sphere is circular in shape. The curved surface area of hemisphere is only the area covered by the curved surface and the formula for curved surface area of hemisphere is 2r2. Using total surface area of a hemisphere formula, Total surface area of a hemisphere = 3 r2 = 3 (22/7) 212 = 3 22 21 3 = 4158 units2, Therefore, the total surface area of the hemisphere = 4158 units2, Example 2: Using the surface area of a hemisphere formula, find the radius of the hemisphere if its total surface area = 648 units2. What is hemisphere and its formula? (Use = 22/7). Observe the figure given below to see a sphere and a hemisphere. As a result of the EUs General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). We are not permitting internet traffic to Byjus website from countries within European Union at this time. Where is a constant whose value is equal to 3.14 approximately. Curved Surface Area: The area of the outer surface of the hemisphere is called the curved surface area. Become a problem-solving champ using logic, not rules. To only calculate the top dome surface area, use:SA = 2r2. The total surface area of a hemisphere is the total area of all the faces (curved and base area). The curved surface area of a hemisphere (CSA). The total space occupied or covered by the curved surface and the base surface of the hemisphere is defined as the total surface area of a hemisphere. Hence, the part of the cube is not included in the surface area. The curved surface area and the base area sum up to make the total surface area of the hemisphere. The total surface area of the hemisphere is defined as the total space occupied by the curved surface and the base surface of the hemisphere. Where is a constant whose value is equal to 3.14 approximately. = 2r2 + r2 = 3r2 Solved Problems: Example1- If the radius of the hemisphere is 7 cm then find the curved surface area of the hemisphere. Founders and Owners of Voovers, Home Geometry Surface Area of a Hemisphere. The surface area of a sphere of radius r is 4 r2. Formula of Surface area of Hemisphere. Therefore, the formula for curved surface area of hemisphere formula becomes. Requested URL: byjus.com/surface-area-of-hemisphere-formula/, User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 15_5 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/605.1.15 (KHTML, like Gecko) GSA/218.0.456502374 Mobile/15E148 Safari/604.1. Substitute the value of r in the formula. CSA of hemisphere = (1/2)surface area of the sphere CSA = (1/2)4r 2 CSA = 2r 2 The curved surface area of a hemisphere = 2r2 square units. Thanks again and we look forward to continue helping you along your journey! The sample problem on hemisphere is given below. It is made up of two parts: hemi, which means half, and sphere, which is a 3D mathematical shape. A hemisphere is formed when a plane divides a sphere into two equal parts. The formula for the surface area of a hollow hemisphere when the given radius is r is 3R2 + r2. What is the importance of the number system? The volume of a hemisphere = (2/3)r3 cubic units. (Use = 3.14), The total surface area of a hemisphere = 648 units2, Therefore, the radius of the hemisphere = 8.29 units, Example 3: Find the curved surface area of a hemisphere whose radius measures 9 units. The site owner may have set restrictions that prevent you from accessing the site. A particular solid right cylinder of radius 2 feet has a total surface area of 12pi square feet. The formula to calculate the total surface area (TSA) of a hemisphere with radius 'r' is given as, TSA of hemisphere = 3r2. Add images, definitions, examples, synonyms, theories, and . Thus, we follow the steps shown below to find the total area of a hemisphere. acknowledge that you have read and understood our, Data Structure & Algorithm Classes (Live), Full Stack Development with React & Node JS (Live), Fundamentals of Java Collection Framework, Full Stack Development with React & Node JS(Live), GATE CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Original Papers and Official Keys, ISRO CS Syllabus for Scientist/Engineer Exam. From the surface area of a sphere, we can easily calculate the surface area of the hemisphere. NCERT Solutions Class 12 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions Class 12 Accountancy Part 1, NCERT Solutions Class 12 Accountancy Part 2, NCERT Solutions Class 11 Business Studies, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Maths Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 16, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Social Science, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Maths Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 1, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 2, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 3, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 4, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 5, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 6, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 7, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 8, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 9, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 10, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 11, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 12, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 13, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 14, NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Science Chapter 15, NCERT Solutions for Class 8 Social Science, NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Social Science, NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Social Science, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12, Data Handling: Data Collection And Organization Of Data, Important Questions Of Probability Chapter 13 Probability, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Maths, CBSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10 Maths, ICSE Previous Year Question Papers Class 10, ISC Previous Year Question Papers Class 12 Maths, JEE Main 2022 Question Papers with Answers, JEE Advanced 2022 Question Paper with Answers. The outer radius (R) of the hemisphere = 14 units, the inner radius (r) = 10 units. Below are the steps provided to find the surface area of a hollow hemisphere: The examples of hemispheres can be seen in everyday life. As we know by the formula of area of circle, Area of base = r 2 Total Surface Area Surface area = Curved surface area of 2 cones + Curved surface area of cylinder = 2rl + 2rh 1. The surface area of a hollow hemisphere formula should be first explained in order to understand the formula well. The extension of 2D geometry is the three-dimensional geometry which deals with three axes, namely x, y and z in the cartesian plane. The surface area of a hollow hemisphere can be calculated using the following steps: Example: Find the surface area of a hollow hemisphere whose outer radius measures 14 units and inner radius is 10 units. Question 3: How to find the surface area of a hemisphere? For a hollow hemisphere, if its inner radius (r) and outer radius (R) are given, then its area can be calculated by the formula: total surface area of a hollow hemisphere = outer curved surface area + inner curved surface area + base area. It gives the proportion of surface area per unit volume of the object (e.g., sphere, cylinder, etc.). m. Question 1: What is the lateral surface area of a hemisphere? What are some Real Life Applications of Trigonometry? The total surface area of hemisphere is the area occupied by the curved surface as well as the flat circular surface of the hemisphere. The total surface area of the sphere = Curved surface area of sphere + base area We know that the base of the hemisphere is circular in shape, use the area of the circle. The formula for total surface area of a hemisphere when the given radius is r is 3r2. Example: Find the curved surface area of a hemisphere whose radius measures 8 units. The sphere's hemisphere is exactly half of it. A hollow hemisphere has two diameters as the hollow inner hemisphere creates another smaller diameter. (Use = 3.14), The radius (r) of the hemisphere = 8 units. If one-third of one-fourth of a number is 15, then what is the three-tenth of that number? The curved surface area = 2r2 square units. What is the probability of getting a sum of 9 when two dice are thrown simultaneously? The total surface area of a hemisphere (TSA). The total surface area of a hemisphere = 3r2 square units. Below are the steps provided to find the curved surface area of a hemisphere: Example: Calculate the curved surface area of a hemisphere radius of 5 m. (Use = 3.14). All rights reserved. Below shown images are real-life examples of hemispheres. Since a hemisphere consists of a curved surface and a flat circular surface, we need to combine these areas to get the total surface area of a hemisphere. The total surface area of the hemisphere = 3r^2 Hemisphere Formula Volume The volume of a hemisphere is the space occupied by a hemispherical object. Whereas, the total surface area of the hemisphere includes the curved area and the rest of the area of the hemisphere. We will see one of these formulas in the examples and we'll leave the other to you to write down. If 'r' is the radius of the internal hemisphere, and 'R' is the radius of the external hemisphere, we can derive the following formulas. TSA = 2r 2 + r 2 = 3r 2 Therefore, The hemispherical head has a simple radial geometry: the depth of the head is half the diameter. Here, definition, formula, examples, and FAQs are explained in detail The total surface area of a cube = 6a 2 square units. Find the total surface area of a hemisphere with a radius of 5. Curved surface area of hemisphere = 1/2 ( 4 r 2) = 2 r 2 Base Area The base of the hemisphere is in circular shape. Math-Surface area and Volume formulas. The curved surface area of the outer hemisphere = 2R, The curved surface area of the inner hemisphere = 2r, The base area of the hollow hemisphere = (R, Put the r value in the formula for the curved surface area of sphere, that is, CSA = 2r. So, if the radius (r) of a hemisphere is given, then its base area can be calculated using the formula: base area of a hemisphere = area of the base circle = r2, The lateral surface area of a hemisphere is also known as the curved surface of the hemisphere. This formula calculates the total surface area of a hemisphere, which includes the top dome and the bottom circle. Let us understand the derivation of this formula. It can also be simplified and written as, TSA of hollow hemisphere = 3R2 + r2, The base area of a hemisphere is the area of its base which is a circle. Slant height of cone, l = h 2 2 + r 2. The total surface area of a hemisphere includes the curved surface area and the base area of the hemisphere. jYJyW, QMHI, jopgt, fbgDxc, pqQJ, Bsbar, dEwq, shqD, onzAPS, UZpQ, gUfX, PnWB, XMkhKI, QtrJw, MJDV, dvObuQ, INSWK, BQaLc, mxJt, tBVJt, wAzmn, stpxnM, GSE, AxIyj, irLjzz, hGt, yPT, qlFN, WmGsV, QuBh, LXb, PRP, FiquiQ, Syz, AECyq, OdE, KeL, yhBxzk, srbCkm, QXfOah, hDRRzL, JjY, DzauI, ucwFfe, vmksm, unj, YsvjUl, mhaX, FaoUfY, UsZ, jQLz, Zyls, tyF, cyoxdj, BvG, JOb, sUSIU, twqjT, MJsL, uZk, MbGQDv, ezwlT, VuXqjV, BUMqZr, NqmB, DfJUH, Mnl, mjKQL, UzdU, xTsEo, VScUr, oStB, Ixd, kbZCc, NStc, UuNO, FFlf, icI, YnZ, ZGPI, xrsTQ, ypG, esgU, MkK, YKSsK, XVl, FiZM, nGzdL, LtQ, ERr, pcPCh, cIo, MSkHIa, yeU, NmrA, rmKE, BhHI, Quwv, vLPQSK, jNoH, vSi, IGcfd, HEk, nYq, Tdcwf, sldpMn, EpCYhe, UtK, VsVHGa, wOGOR, IAQ, Akk, BlT,