Lag phase--The phase in microbial growth where bacteria are adjusting to the environment and not actively dividing. PFF--Protein fat free--Refers to a formula used by USDA to calculate the amount of added moisture in cured meat products. The femur is also the longest Vertical Suspension Dressing-- The slaughter system in which the animal is suspended by its' hind limbs throughout the slaughter process. This is the joint the front feet are removed in ovine animal older than 15 months. Roberto Grujii MD Clostridium Botulinum--A rod-shaped spore-forming bacteria that produces a lethal toxin when grown in anaerobic conditions. https://www.statpearls.com/ArticleLibrary/viewarticle/22380, https://www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/gracilis-muscle, https://rad.washington.edu/muscle-atlas/gracilis/, https://teachmeanatomy.info/lower-limb/muscles/thigh/medial-compartment/, https://www.physio-pedia.com/index.php?title=Gracilis&oldid=299346. Fry-- To cook in fat or oil. Fat translocation--A process in which lipid from fat diffuses into the lean portion of the meat during the cooking process. Electrical stimulation--A process in which a pre-rigor carcass is electrically shocked to cause the muscle to contract. [2], Image: Gracilis muscle (highlighted in green) - anterior view[3], Due to its attachment on the tibia, the gracilis flexes the knee, adducts the thigh, and medially rotate the tibia on the femur. Myoglobin --A red iron-containing protein found in muscle that is similar to hemoglobin in the blood but only one-fourth as large. The hamstring muscles, or simply the hamstrings, are a group of three long muscles located in the posterior compartment of the thigh, shaping up the surface anatomy of this region. The iron is reduced (Fe+2). Neuromuscular junction --The location in which the nerve fiber attaches to the muscle fiber. It runs deep to semitendinosus and medial to biceps femoris. This article will discuss the anatomy and function of the semitendinosus muscle. Farmers joint-The rough joint found in the front leg of a beef animal from which the front hoof can be removed. Some of these factors include: Popliteal vein: want to learn more about it? Scalding tank--The tank of the water held at a temperature of the 138 to 145F that is used to loosen the hair on a hog. Grinder--A machine that reduces particle size of meat by passing it through a plate with holes of a specific diameter. Ham--The wholesale cut of a pork carcass that includes the posterior portion from 1 inch anterior to the aitch bone. Learning anatomy is a massive undertaking, and we're here to help you pass with flying colours. Flank streaking--The streaks of fat appearing in the primary flank muscle and secondary flank muscle. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. I would honestly say that Kenhub cut my study time in half. The sartorius is positioned more superficially than the other muscles in the leg. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a radiologic procedure that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to develop detailed image cross-sections of the body, including the knee (1).. Medical images from an MRI allow medical professionals to distinguish body tissues, including the meniscus (shock absorbers in the knee), cartilage, tendons, and ligaments. Iliopsoas acts as the antagonist of the gluteus maximus muscle and the hamstring muscles (biceps femoris, semitendinosus and semimembranosus). The belly is generally cured and sold as bacon. Freeze drying--The process of freezing meat and then lowering the atmospheric pressure so the water is removed by sublimation. The blood supply to the knee joint is through the Medial rotation: Produced by five muscles; semimembranosus, semitendinosus, gracilis, sartorius and popliteus. The tendons thickness, fibrousness and poor blood supply are the causes of difficult healing.. The patient is asked to extend the leg (at the knee) against resistance. Posterior thigh muscles (Hamstring muscles) -Liene Znotina. Read more, Physiopedia 2022 | Physiopedia is a registered charity in the UK, no. Atlas of Human Anatomy (7th ed.). Standring, S. (2016). Mutton--A ovine carcass generally older than 15 months and has two spool joints instead of break joints. Custom Exempt--The inspection status of a meat packing plant that slaughters animals as a service and does not sell any meat products. Boston, Ma: Pearson; 2016. Browning--The process of the cooking the meat so the myoglobin pigment is converted to hemochrome, which can be characterized by the cooked meat color. Sarcomere --Basic repeating contractile structural unit of the myofibril; in-register laterally and longitudinally and responsible for striated appearance of skeletal muscle. Heat ring --The cold shortening of the outside edges of rib-eye muscle which causes a darkened and sunken appearance. Capon--A surgically unsexed male chicken under 8 months of age that is tender-meated with soft pliable, smooth textured skin. Ulna--The larger and long bone found in the forearm which is fused to the radius in the cattle and lambs. Read more. Read more. Both heads of biceps femoris contribute to the flexion of the leg in the knee joint. Denaturation--Changes the native structure of a protein by either heats or acid. Register now Pluck--The organs of the thoracic cavity which include the heart, lungs and trachea. Anterior--Sometimes known as "cranial", meaning toward the head. Sirloin--A wholesale cut that include the pelvic bone and the associated muscles. Actomyosin--The protein complex formed when actin and myosin interact at the cross-bridge. Learn the attachments, innervations and functions of the hamstring muscles faster and easier with our muscle charts! Camphlobacter--A pathogenic organism responsible for the a food-borne infection that is characterized by diarrhea, fever, and cramps. Clinically Oriented Anatomy (7th ed.). It is the result of long term stress that has reduced the glycogen content in muscle prior to slaughter, The muscle pH of a dark cutter is generally high (approx. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. latissimus dorsi: spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs: floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus: thoracodorsal nerve Netter, F. (2019). and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! Emulsion mill--A piece of the machinery used in sausage production in which the chopped meat batter is passed through a plate containing small holes to create a stable meat batter for products such as frankfurters and bologna. ATP--Adenosine triphosphate, a high-energy molecule that is the carrier of free energy used in animal systems. Medbullets Onboarding - Draft HTML Blood Supply of Lower Ext. Two of the smaller hamstring muscles, the gracilis and semitendinosus, have their tendinous attachments on the medial (inner) side of the knee just below the joint line. All content published on Kenhub is reviewed by medical and anatomy experts. Delaney clause--Section of the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1959 requiring that foods be free of residues of pesticides or other compounds found to cause cancer in experimental animals. Gelation--The process of forming a protein matrix that will entrap water. The reaction occurs when the glycerine is separated from the fatty acids in the triglyceride structure, and the fatty acids combine with the sodium and potassium to form soap. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, The hamstrings are the muscles of the posterior thigh that are primarily in charge of knee flexion and thigh extension, Biceps femoris, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, Tibial and common fibular (peroneal) divisions of the sciatic nerve, Flexion of leg, extension of thigh, stabilization of knee and hip joints. This action is particularly strong when the flexed trunk is being raised to the erect position. Functional anatomy: Musculoskeletal anatomy, kinesiology, and palpation for manual therapists. "Bottom side". Nitric oxide myoglobin--The compound formed when nitric oxide is bound to myoglobin forming a dark red color. The iron present in myoglobin is in the ferric state (2+) and the is not oxygenated. Intercostal muscle--The muscle located between the ribs. Tender stretch--A procedure of suspending an animal by the aitch bone so that the muscles of the loin and trib area are physically restrained from contraction. Myo -- Derived from the Greek word mys, meaning muscle. Listeria Monocytogenes--A foodborne pathogen which causes disease symptoms in adults that include the sudden onset of flulike symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, backache, and sometimes abdominal pain and diarrhea. Liquid eggs--Eggs that have been removed from the shell and packaged in bulk containers for ease in usage. Last reviewed: December 05, 2022 This is caused by unusually high temperatures, rapid glycolysis causing a rapid pH drop, and an early onset of rigor mortis in muscle. If you do not agree to the foregoing terms and conditions, you should not enter this site. This is performed by positioning the patient supine, with the knee slightly flexed. Molds are slow growing so that are not very competitive with bacteria. Leg--A wholesale cut of the lamb carcass which includes the hind and sirloin regions. Subprimal cut--Subdivisions of the wholesale or primal cuts that are made to facilitate handling or to reduce the variability within a single cut. Mitchell: Grays Anatomy for Students, 2nd Edition, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier. Stationary phase--A phase in bacterial growth were there is no increase or decrease of the bacterial numbers. Are you feeling a bit overwhelmed? They are innervated by the tibial and common fibular (peroneal) divisions of the sciatic nerve (L4-S3). The short head arises from the lateral lip of the linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur. Shahab Shahid MBBS CA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. Calcium pump--A series of the enzyme in the muscle fiber that is responsible for calcium in and out of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. U.S. Symptoms include nausea, vomiting, retching, abdominal cramping, diarrhea. The injection site is the femoral artery. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Singeing --The process of removing hair on a hog carcass by burning it off. 2022 [2], There are 5 to 7 muscle fiber bundle compartments in the gracilis muscle, with nerve branches coursing along each compartment, indicating possible independent neuromuscular compartment functioning. Young tom/hen turkey--A young male of female turkey (usually 5-7 months of age) that is tender-meated with soft pliable, smooth textured skin. Generally is the retail cut of most value. Standring, S. (2016). It is primarily fat and is used in making pork and beans. Fore-saddle--The portion of the lamb carcass anterior to the 12th rib. Boxed beef--Fabrication of the beef carcass into wholesale, primal and subprimal cuts at the plant. Shell eggs--Egg that are sold in the retail market that are still in the shell. Tumbler and massager--A machine that trumbles or massages meat to extract the myofibrillar proteins to improve their binding capabilities in boneless products. This is the major pigment that contributes to cooked meat color. Within pes anserinus, semitendinosus inserts along a vertical line posteriorly to sartorius and posteroinferiorly to gracilis. The information we provide is grounded on academic literature and peer-reviewed research. Glycogen--Polysaccharide of glucose found in the muscle and liver of living animals. This membrane system surrounding myofibrils is responsible for storing, releasing, and resequestering calcium in response to an action potential. Shear deformation curve--The graph generated when the a piece of the meat is sheered by a Warner-Bratszler sheering device. Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles. Sarco--Derived from the Greek words sarx or sarkos which mean flesh. Powdered eggs--Eggs that have had the moisture removed and ground into a powder. Stockinette-A cheesecloth sack that lots somewhat like a stocking in which a cured bone-in ham is placed to be cooked and smoked. Iliopsoas muscle: want to learn more about it? Thoracic vertebrae--The thirteen vertebrae (14 or 15 in pigs) that are located in the thoracic region. Leaf fat--The abdominal and kidney fat in a hog carcass that is removed at the time of slaughter. Starter culture--Addition of bacteria to a meat product to start the fermentation process. Do you struggle to memorize the attachments of all muscles of the human body? The two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle form the inferior borders, medially and laterally. Peeler--A machine that is used to removed the edible cellulose casing from hotdogs. Pes anserinus inserts to the medial surface of proximal end of tibia. Artery pumping--The process of distributing a curing solution throughout a ham using the circulatory system of the animal. [4], A 2 and a 1/2 minute video from KenHub on anatomy of gracilis. Are you here to solidify and test your knowledge on the posterior thigh muscles? In fact, due to the location of their insertion points, all the hamstrings act as the accessory medial stabilizers of the knee, complementing the function of the medial collateral ligament of knee. Is our article missing some key information? Boar odor--An distinctive odor associated with meat from intact adult male hogs. UNL web framework and quality assurance provided by the, Apply to the University of NebraskaLincoln, Give to the University of NebraskaLincoln, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources. U. S. Condemned--Meat and poultry that has been inspected by USDA-FSIS and condemned under the regulations described in the Federal Code of Regulations and then marked as such. The onset is 2-4 hours and the duration is generally 1-2 days. While on the other hand, when the trunk is flexed anteriorly, it extends the thigh. Atlas of Human Anatomy (7th ed.). A instrumental method of measuring the amount of the lean tissue in a carcass by passing it through an electromagnetic field. Formulation--Determination of the specific ingredients and their respective amounts that will be included in a sausage product. Bullock--A intact male beef animal that is less mature than a bull. Bordoni B, Varacallo M. Anatomy, bony pelvis and lower limb, thigh quadriceps muscle. Blood splashing--The appearance of minute hemorrhages in the muscle, fat and connective tissue due to a transient rise in blood pressure at the time of slaughter. Kim Bengochea, Regis University, Denver. Ultrasound-- Ultrasonic sound waves that can be used to measure the subcutaneous fat thickness and loin-eye depth in both live animals and carcasses. Grassy flavor--An off-flavor in beef due to consumption of plants such as pepper grass and ragweed; compounds from these plants are present in the meat. The major muscle found in the arm roast or chop. Hothouse lambs--Lambs produced out of season for specialized markets in New York and Boston. Kim Bengochea, Regis University, Denver. Bromelin--A degradative enzyme isolated from pineapple that will degrade muscle proteins. 1% (13/1289) 5. The color develops with the heating of meat early in the cooking process. TOBEC--Total Body Electrical Conductivity. Gracilis muscle (highlighted in green) - anterior view image - Kenhub. Picnic--A wholesale cut in the pork carcass that includes the front leg, sternum and surrounding muscles. Institutional meat purchasers specifications (IMPS)--Developed by the USDA to provide hotel, restaurant and institutional meat businesses with uniform cutting guidelines. The gracilis muscle decends almost vertically down the leg and inserts on the medial tibia at the Pes anserinus. Pre-blending--The addition of salt and nitrite to ground meat serval hour or day prior to sausage manufacture to help extract protein help in managing inventory. Anatomy and human movement: structure and function (6th ed.). Glycerine--A three carbon molecule to which fatty acids are attached to form triglycerides. (OBQ18.241) A 28-year-old male that sustained a closed left femoral shaft fracture 12 months ago and underwent intramedullary nailing presents with persistent pain in the right thigh. The sciatic nerve runs down the posterior surface of the leg, and its largest branch, the tibial nerve is the most superficial structure of the popliteal fossa, which is a diamond-shaped fossa that lies at the posterior surface of the knee. Loin--A wholesale cut of a beef , pork or lamb carcass. Belly thickness--The belly wall thickness of a hog; used to determine minimum quality for grading purposes. Standring, S. (2016). Rigor-mortis --Stiffness at death. Sweetbreads--A variety meat that is composed of the thymus from a young beef animal. Break joint--The epiphyseal cartilage at the distal end of metacarpal bones is used to classify carcasses as lamb. Albumen--The portion of the egg which surrounds the yolk, sometimes referred to as the egg white; the major protein found in egg white. Blood supply [edit | edit source] The muscle receives 5 to 11 vessels originating from: superficial circumflex iliac, lateral femoral, deep femoral, descending geniculate, and femoral arteries. Axis joint--The joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae. 10th ed. and grab your free ultimate anatomy study guide! High temperature aging--Maintaining the pre-rigor carcass at a temperature above 38F so cold-shortening does not occur. Semitendinosus shares the origin with the long head of biceps femoris. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Sterilization--The process of killing all bacteria, spores and viruses in a meat product. Meat --The flesh of animals used as food. Poultry Inspection Act-- An act of Congress in 1957 that established inspection standard for poultry similar those established for other meat products under the Meat Inspection Act of 1906. The size of the button helps in determining the physiological maturity of beef carcasses. Assists with hip adduction, knee flexion, and knee internal rotation. There are three major muscles in the anterior thigh the pectineus, sartorius and quadriceps femoris. The junction between the tendons of the hamstrings and the ischial tuberosity is the area affected by high hamstring tendinopathy. The Jungle--The name of a book written by Upton Sinclair which described the conditions in the meat packing industry at the turn of the century. In turn, the patella is attached to the tibia by the patella ligament. Cure--A mixture of the ingredients used in meat curing which may include salt, sugar, sodium nitrite, sodium erythorbate, phosphate, spices and water. Semimembranosus originates from the ischial tuberosity of pelvis and inserts into the medial condyle of tibia. Aitch bone--The portion of the pelvic bone that is exposed when a carcass is divided at the medial line. Additionally, biceps femoris can act as the external rotator of the leg when the knee is semi flexed or internal rotator of the thigh if the foot is fixed on the surface. SA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. Sacral vertebrae--The five vertebrae located in the pelvic region, posterior to the lumbar vertebrae and anterior to the coccygeal vertebrae. Hide--The outside covering of a beef animal. They are characterized by long transverse processes and short spinous processes. Yearling mutton--A carcass from an ovine animal that is generally between 15 and 24 months of age that may or may not have a break joint. Thoracic vertebrae are characterized by a long spinous process and are posterior to the cervical vertebrae and anterior to the lumbar vertebrae. major nerve supply is the cranial nerve XI. Is another estimate of the intramuscular fat deposition, i.e. in those who play basketball and football etc. Brine--The solution which contains the cure and water that is pumped into meat for curing. The carcasses can be moved to a side rail until the task at a given station is completed. Kosher--Meat from animals slaughtered under Rabbinical supervision, LA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. Lactic Acid--A three carbon organic acid produced during anaerobic metabolism in muscle. Hanging tender-- The portion of the diaphragm muscle that is attached to the back region of the last rib. Pelvis--The flat bone found in the hind limb of the animal composed of the three bones, ilium ischium and pubis that have been fused. Binder meats-- Meats used for sausage products that have the ability to bind water and emulsify fat in a sausage product. Stag--An male animal that has been castrated after it has developed secondary sex characteristics. Generally these protein are associated with the sarcoplasm. 2022 Additionally, when the hip is in full extension, semimembranosus causes internal rotation of the hip. Food-borne infection--Consumption of a food that is contaminated with viable organisms capable of colonizing the host's gastrointestinal tract or being transported across the intestinal lining. It drains blood away from the leg into the femoral vein, which drains blood to the inferior vena cava to return to the right atrium of the heart. Both water and air are able to pass through these casings. All have their arterial blood supply from the obturator artery, a At its insertion, the tendon of the sartorius muscle lies anterior and the tendon of semitendinosus lies posterior. Proximal--Nearest the point of reference. This combined point of insertion is called the pes anserinus. Exsanguination --Bleeding the animal at the time of slaughter. The long head of biceps femoris is innervated by the tibial division of sciatic nerve, while the short head receives the nerve supply from the common fibular division of sciatic nerve. These muscle compose the sirloin tip. The muscles contain a higher proportion of type 2 muscle fibres than the other muscles of the lower extremity; suggesting high intrinsic force generation. It is smooth in appearance which can indicate the sex of the animal. Salimeter--A hydrometer for indicating the percentage of the salt in a solution, Salinity--The measure of the amount of the salt in a solution. Top Contributors - Eric Henderson, Lucinda hampton, Candace Goh and Joao Costa. Axial Skeleton--The bones in the carcass associated with the vertebrae. Comitrol (flaking equipment)--A machine that slices or flakes meat into a desired size which then can be formed into a restructured meat product. U. S. Inspected and Passed--Meat and poultry product has been inspected by USDA-FSIS and passed under the regulations described in the Federal Code of Regulations and then marked as such. Anaerobic metabolism--Metabolism in the absence of oxygen. Read more. Edinburgh: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone. KA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. Kidney heart and pelvic fat (KHP)--The internal fat surrounding the heart and kidneys and in the pelvic area. VA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. The quadriceps femoris consists of four individual muscles; three vastus muscles and the rectus femoris. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Electrical stunner--A device that delivers an electrical charge to a hog to render it senseless at the time of slaughter. U.S. These include. Kim Bengochea, Regis University, Denver. The joint actions of psoas major and iliacus produce the flexion of the hip; however, due to its proximal attachments, the psoas major can produce additional movements of the lumbar vertebral column. Biceps femoris is a two-headed muscle that runs superficially through the posterior thigh. Muscle Score--Score used in pork carcass grading to denote the muscularity of a pork carcass. Richard L. Drake, A. Wayne Vogl, Adam. Aproximately the same diameter as the humerus bone in which it is next to. It is found in walls of arteries and lymph vessels, and in the gastrointestinal tract and reproductive tract. Uncle Sam (Samuel Wilson)--A meat packer that provided meat to the United States army during the war of 1812. The long head of biceps femoris acts upon two joints (hip and knee), while the short head acts only on the knee joint. Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2014). In addition to these, the end of the iliopsoas muscle passes into the anterior compartment. Carotid artery--The main artery that supplies blood to the brain, which is severed when an animal is exsanguinated. Some additional muscle fibers originate from the anterior sacroiliac and iliolumbar ligaments that connect the pelvis to the vertebral column. RDA--Recommended Dietary Allowances. Semitendinosus muscle (musculus semitendinosus) - Liene Znotina. WA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. Warmed-over flavor--Undesirable rancid or stale flavor that can occur in precooked, uncured meats after short periods of storage time. Quality Grades--Each grade denotes a specific level of quality as determined by the UADA, RA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. Radius--The small long bone in the foreshank of the an animal. Mixer and blender--A machine used to mix sausage ingredient together. Clarification--The centrifugation of milk to remove extraneous material including leukocytes, larger bacteria, cells from the cow's udder and dirt that may have entered the milking system. This is not the ideal place of removal. The act provided for federal financial, technical and laboratory assistance in setting up state meat inspection programs equivalent to federal standards. Thereby, bilateral contraction of the psoas major produces a flexion of the trunk at the hip joint, while unilateral contraction results in lateral flexion of the trunk. Thin filament--Myofilament that is primarily composed of actin and is located in the in the I band of a sarcomere. These vertebrae fuse as the animal gets older to form the sacrum. Collagen-- Main structural protein of vertebrate animals, occurring in all tissues; it is a precursor to gelatin and can be processed into a variety of forms; predominant fibril forming protein of the connective tissue or stomal portion of muscle. Spring lamb--Lamb marketed in the spring of the year and prior to July 1. The origin of the iliacus spans anteriorly in the iliac fossa as far as the anterior superior and anterior inferior iliac spines. Metmyoglobin--The chemical state of myoglobin in which the iron has been oxidized (Fe3+) and the color is a brownish gray. Analogous to the cell membrane. Is commonly referred to as the loin-eye or rib-eye muscle. John D. Bancroft, Christopher Layton, in Bancroft's Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques (Seventh Edition), 2013 Dense connective tissue. Listeria bacteria can grow slowly at refrigeration temperatures and can also grow in packages with little or no oxygen. Nerve impulse--The movement of an action potential down a nerve fiber to a muscle to signal the contraction process. Post-Mortem Inspection--Inspection of the internal organs and carcass after the animal has been slaughtered to determine wholesomeness. Restraining chute for stunning--The device that restraining the animal so that it can be stunned at the time of slaughter. Palastanga, N., & Soames, R. (2012). I would honestly say that Kenhub cut my study time in half. uncommon due to rich blood supply of cancellous bone. Can be used in sausage production. Ventral (inferior)--Toward the plane of support. The information we provide is grounded on academic literature and peer-reviewed research. The meat products must be wrapped to protect from freezer burn. Purge --The juices exuded from fresh, cooked and cured meats efter they are packaged and remain in the package at the time of opening. Fisting--Removing the pelt from a lamb carcass by using a fist to separate the pelt from the fell membrane. Stitch pump--A method of the introducing cure into a meat product by pumping the brine through a series of needles. Finish--The amount of subcutaneous fat on an animal. The fibres of iliacus then merge with the most lateral fibres of psoas major to form the iliopsoas muscle, that passes anterior to the capsule of the hip joint to insert onto the lesser trochanter of the femur. [5], This 1 minute video is titled "Applied Kinesiology - Manual Muscle Testing: Gracilis", Get Top Tips Tuesday and The Latest Physiopedia updates, The content on or accessible through Physiopedia is for informational purposes only. the short saphenous vein. Thaw rigor--A condition cause when muscle is in a pre-rigor state when frozen so that when it is thaw an extensive contraction occurs causing the muscle to toughen. Animal that exhibit high stress susceptibility experience heart stroke, shock, and circulatory collapse. 2022 'groin' and Ancient Greek: , romanized: ps, lit. Greases--Rendered fat with a melting point lower than 40C. Bell scraper--A bell shaped device used to remove the hair from a hog carcass. The iliacus is innervated by branches of the femoral nerve (L2, L3). The quality is usually lower than USDA choice. Bone sour--Sour or putrid odors found around the femur in a beef round or pork ham caused by anaerobic bacteria that may have been present in lymph nodes or bone joints, or may have gained entrance along bones during storage and processing. In most cases Physiopedia articles are a secondary source and so should not be used as references. Out of these, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. This article will introduce you to the anatomy and function of the hamstring muscles. Don't forget to quiz yourself on the semitendinosus and other muscles of the thigh to consolidate your knowledge! Papain--A degradative enzyme isolated from the tropical fruit papaya that will degrade protein in muscle and improve meat tenderness. Appendicular skeleton--The bones associated with the limbs of the animal. Popliteal vein aneurysm:Popliteal vein aneurysms are rare, and do not commonly present clinically. Lateral --Away from the center of the animal. Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2014). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Slaughter animal classes--The various classes of animals that are slaughtered. Blood meal--Dried blood from the slaughtering process that can be used as a protein supplement (80 percent protein) in animal feeds. This information is intended for medical education, and does not create any doctor-patient relationship, and should not be used as a substitute for professional diagnosis and treatment. The muscles that form the quadriceps femoris unite proximal to the knee and attach to the patella via the quadriceps Lumbar vertebrae--Six vertebrae located in the abdominal region, posterior to the thoracic vertebrae and anterior to the sacral vertebrae. Leather--A hide that has been cured and tanned. Colostrum--The clear liquid secreted from the udder of cows shortly after the birth of a calf that contains the antibodies to protect the calf from disease. The iliopsoas finally converges into a tendon that inserts onto the lesser trochanter of the femur. It has been described as a urinelike, sweaty, aromatic odor that develops when boar fat is heated. unstable fixation. To find out more, read our privacy policy. The power of the individual hamstring tendons can be assessed more accurately whilst the subject is prone. However, psoas major can independently act on its attachment on the lumbar spine when its distal end is fixed. Author: EA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. E-coli 0157:H7--The specific serotype 0157:H7 produces a toxin that can cause hemorrhagic colitis which includes severe abdominal cramps, followed by diarrhea (often bloody), nausea, vomiting, and occasionally a low-grade fever. Troop thought it meant Uncle Sam Wilson and in 1857 a cartoonist developed a character of a gray bearded man with a stove pipe hat and red white and blue clothing. Make the changes yourself here! Once you've finished editing, click 'Submit for Review', and your changes will be reviewed by our team before publishing on the site. Natural casing--Sausage casings that come from the intestinal tract of the slaughter animals. Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2014). Register now PSS). Shoulder stick--A condition when the animal is bled the knife is off center and is on the lateral side of the ribcage. Food-borne intoxication--Consumption of a food that contains a toxin or poison. Most fatty acids have an even number of carbon atoms. It is found in arm bone roasts and chops. The muscle fibers then descend in the posterior thigh and around the middle of the thigh, they give way to a cord-like tendon. It is canned and stable at room temperatures. Hind-saddle---The portion of the lamb carcass posterior to the 13th rib. The best source of the riboflavin in the diet is organ meats, milk and green leafy vegetables. The color goes from a purplish red to a bright cherry red. Semitendinosus is a long, fusiform muscle that runs in the posterior thigh, medially to biceps femoris. Physiopedia is not a substitute for professional advice or expert medical services from a qualified healthcare provider. A band--The broad, dark band that is doubly refractive or anistropic in polarized light in the sarcomere. Reading time: 4 minutes. Examples of the these meats are tripe, lips, stomachs, and snouts. Author: Its functions mainly depend on the initial position of the lower extremity. To remember the order of structures in the popliteal fossa (from medial to lateral) you can use the following mnemonic; Serve And Volley Next Ball. Pre-cooked--Meat cuts which have been fully cooked and require only reheating to serve. Collagen casing--A sausage casing made from a collagen source such as the corium layer of beef hides. Non fat dry milk (NDFM)--Fluid milk that has all the fat and moisture removed. Oxymyoglobin--The oxygenated form of myoglobin that exhibits a bright cherry red color. Last reviewed: February 14, 2022 Kenhub. The medical information on this site is provided as an information resource only, and is not to be used or relied on for any diagnostic or treatment purposes. Unlike the medial collateral ligament, it is not attached to the knee capsule or lateral meniscus and as Pasteurization--The heat process that results in the destruction of all pathogenic organisms. Four things that ascorbates do in a curing brine include: (1) taking part in the reduction of metmyoglobin to myoglobin, thereby accelerating the rate of curing; (2) reacting chemically with nitrite to increase the yield of nitric oxide from mitrous acid; (3) acting as an antioxidant, thereby stabilizing both color and flavor and (4) under certain conditions, reducing nitrosamine formation. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders. The iliopsoas muscle (/ l i o s o. Broiler or fryer--A young chicken (usually 6-8 weeks of age) , either sex that is tender-meated with soft, pliable, smooth-textured skin and flexible breast-bone cartilage. Reading time: 6 minutes. Grounded on academic literature and research, validated by experts, and trusted by more than 2 million users. Curated learning paths created by our anatomy experts, 1000s of high quality anatomy illustrations and articles. Dressing percent--The percentage of the live animal weight which is the carcass. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders. Quadriceps Femoris. Blood Supply [edit | edit source] Perforating branches of profunda femoris, inferior gluteal, and medial circumflex femoral arteries. The retail cuts of the short rib and skirt originate from this wholesale cut. Feather Meal--Feathers from poultry slaughter that are cooked at high pH and ground to form a high protein meal. It is most frequently found in muscles from pigs that are genetically stress susceptible (i.e. Gordana Sendi MD W.M. PA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z. Panbroil-- To cook uncovered in a frying pan. Retail cuts--Cuts of meat that are sold in a retail market. Thick filament--Myofilament that is primarily composed of myosin and is located in the A band of a sarcomere. "Top side". UHT (Ultra High Temperature) milk--Milk that has been sterilized by heating it to a temperature of 130 to 150C for 2 to 87 seconds. Paunch truck--The cart that is used to place the offal of animal during slaughter. Ingestion of insufficiently cooked infected pork can cause nausea, vomiting diarrhea, and muscle soreness. Get instant access to this gallery, plus: Introduction to the musculoskeletal system, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the abdomen, Nerves, vessels and lymphatics of the pelvis, Infratemporal region and pterygopalatine fossa, Meninges, ventricular system and subarachnoid space, (Posteromedial impression of) Ischial tuberosity, Proximal end of tibia below medial condyle (via pes anserinus), First perforating branch of deep femoral artery, medial femoral circumflex artery, inferior gluteal artery and inferior medial geniculate artery. 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